Editing Checklist For Higher Grade By

Proofreading list, editing checklist, or revision checklist it comes in many names, but no matter how each university calls it, editing or revising shall remain as the final and arguably the most crucial step in writing. Proofreading is an essential step in writing be it dissertation writing, research writing, creative writing, or even in preparing your resume or a PowerPoint presentation, because this stage ensures that your paper is free from unforgivable errors. Academic writing, to be honest, can be pretty exhausting because the amount of effort every student gives in meeting their requirements is no joke, and sometimes, one tend to forget or overlook a few mistakes in the paper.Before we go down to our actual checklist, first you need to understand the following concepts which are highly significant in proofreading.The CrutchesDid you know that the subconscious part of your mind is 30,000 times more powerful than your conscious mind? And in your subconscious mind is where the w riting crutches latch. Writing crutches are the writing habits which you do not notice immediately, especially when you are in the groove of pouring your ideas into a paper. For instance, you got that tendency to begin your essay with a question or often utilize compound sentences even when you do not need to it is not a mistake most of the time, but doing this in a lot of your essays can weaken your writing skills. Sure, it may sound great as you are writing it, but when you try to visit your previous works, it can be a little embarrassing. What you can do is slow down and try to catch these crutches, and allow yourself to know your writing style better. Knowing these subconscious writing habits allows you to be more aware of your writing and avoid them later on.The Oxford CommaThe absence of oxford or serial comma can bring about a lot of ambiguities and peculiar sentences. You see, missing commas can make Abraham Lincoln and Marilyn Monroe become your parents: I dedicate the suc cess of this dissertation to my parents, Abraham Lincoln and Marilyn Monroe missing commas can even make Hillary Clinton and the current United States President Donald Trump the performing clowns in your nephews birthday party: I ensured the entertainment part of my nephews seventh birthday party by inviting the community clowns, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump that does not sound right, aye? So do yourself a favor, be vigilant with your punctuation marks. The same goes with hyphenation. We all know that English is a crazy language, and same words can have two different meanings depending on punctuation such as: Man-eating shark emerged versus Man eating shark emerged.No, you cannot interchange which and thatDarling, we all believed that which and that can be used interchangeably, however, remember your restrictive and non-restrictive clauses lesson? Yes, there is such a thing, and yes, that rule exists. The word that is utilized only for restrictive clauses a clause that comple tes the thought of a statement, hence, cannot be removed. Which, on the other hand, is utilized for non-restrictive clauses a modifier which can be deleted, yet does not change the initial meaning of the statement. This is one of the most common mistakes in writing that anybody, even the professionals, can commit.ClichsAvoid them avoid them at all cost. There is really nothing else we can tell you about this, just avoid them. Clichs is also one of the crutches that you need to be aware of because people who think that they are not that good as a writer, so they leans towards utilizing generally acceptable statements made prominent in ancient writings. In fact, you will be surprised how much clichs there could be in some of your paragraphs. Keep in mind, though, that there are plenty of ways to improve your writing style. Avoiding cliches is one of them.Crutches, punctuation, clichs, and the which and that fiasco are only a few of the reasons why you need this editing checklist in your pocket whenever you are writing:1. Did you take a break?This may sound like a joke, however, believe us - it is necessary. You need to give yourself a rest in order for your eyes to be fresh to easily spot the errors.2. Technical FormatIs the text readable? The universal text style is Arial or Times New Roman at size 12 font.Is the text double-spaced?As a general rule, an academic paper must be double-spaced, however, there are some schools that prefer single-spacing.Did you set the margins at 1-inch on all sides?Dissertations and theses usually require two inches of margin from the left side of the paper for binding.Is it written in third person?Academic papers, unless it is a reflection, should always be written in the third person perspective no I, me, you, her, etc.Does it conform to the standard style?Remember that British and American writing styles are two different entities in many ways, so keep that in mind. Be consistent.Did you follow the required academic style?In academic writing, every paper has to follow the rules of a specific academic style including, but not limited to, APA, MLA, Chicago, and Harvard.Did you meet the word count requirement?Content FormatDo you have an introduction?Do you have a thesis statement?Did you separate the body paragraph(s) from your introduction?Do you have a topic sentence for each paragraph?Do you have a transition from one paragraph to another?Do you have a conclusion?OriginalityDid you cite important information?Did you use proper punctuation marks (e.g. quotation marks for direct quotes, etc.)?Did you use block formatting for direct quotes over 25 words?Did you paraphrase other information properly?Grammar and Word UsageDid you spellcheck and ensure that you have completely shied away from the common errors?Is there any deviant terms that needs replacing?Did you get rid of the run-on statements?Are there still sentence fragments or sentences that does not represent a complete thought?Is your paper in acti ve voice?Did you use the proper prepositions?Content QualityIs it clear?Is there a weak argument?Is the paper interesting?Did you meet the instructions?Did you use illustrations to elaborate your thoughts?Did you use enough scholarly evidences to ensure the credibility of your analysis?Is the language appropriate for your readers?Is the purpose clear?Are there irrelevant details in the paper?Is the conclusion powerful enough to maintain the purpose of the paper?Writing service for college studentsThese are only the basic questions you need to include in an editing checklist, and this checklist is applicable for higher grade even for papers meant for lower academic levels. Note that every checklist can change in consideration of the given instructions for your paper. Remember, this checklist can be your guide in proofreading your work, however, if you want a better evaluation of your work, you can always ask someone to go over the checklist for you - the best choice would be someone who specializes in this craft. can help you with your problems! We are a ghostwriting service company that is dedicated to delivering guaranteed quality work. Be it proofreading or essay help, our writing experts are sure to give you the academic help (custom term paper, custom essay, custom research paper, among others) you need to ace a paper requirement. Need a custom paper that has everything done for you? We are more than happy to help.

Happily Never After Traditional vs. True Happiness in Lives of Girls and Women - Literature Essay Samples

The myth of â€Å"happily ever after† has pervaded Western culture for centuries. Nearly all of our fairy tales and bedtime stories conclude with the hero and his beautiful bride riding off into the sunset. Because of these stories, the idea that marriage is the final goal in life and the source of all happiness is held intact. This is especially true in the case of literature involving female protagonists. In the words of Carol L. Bean, â€Å"the traditional conventions of the genre of fiction – whether popular or elite – have taken finding true love (with marriage as its signifier and happiness as its inevitable reward) as the major goal of women’s quests.† (Bean 330) It is this concept that Alice Munro so passionately battles in her fiction. While laden with themes of religion, sex, and other heavy topics, Lives of Girls and Women serves as a testament to Monroe’s belief that marriage does not equal happiness.We see in Lives of Girls and Women that the world of Del Jordan has already been tainted with an â€Å"Angel in the House† mentality. In fact, Munro gives us Del’s own view of and longing for the conventional fairy tale. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Del finds out that this year’s operetta will be The Pied Piper, and finds herself â€Å"disappointed, thinking there would be no court scenes, no ladies in waiting, no beautiful clothes.† (Munro 138) Not only is the young Del enamored with the idea of fairy-tale romance, she also wishes for her real life to reflect the conventions set forth by â€Å"happily ever after† fiction. When listening to tales of her mother’s life, Del is anxious to hear of her parents’ marriage in the way that tradition has taught her to expect it: â€Å"Now I expected as in all momentous satisfying stories – the burst of Glory, the Reward. Marriage to my father? I hoped that was it. I wished she would leave me in no doubt about it.† (Munro 89) While the preservation of naivety is certainly an aspect of traditional views on happiness, Munro opens our eyes to another, perhaps even more dangerous, side of these concepts. In an attempt to perpetuate the importance of marriage in our society, many people resort to scare tactics. These people mislead their children into believing that any attempt to build happiness without marriage can have disastrous consequences. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Naomi, working from the teachings of her mother, informs Del about the consequences of having children out of wedlock: â€Å"if a girl has to get married, she either dies having [the child], or nearly dies, or else there is something the matter with it. Either a harelip of clubfoot or it isn’t right in the head. My mother has seen it.† (Munro 132)Whether women fear the mutilation of their unborn children or, simply because they are raised to be ignorant of untraditiona l happiness, they succumb to the idea of marriage and family as life’s final reward. Such is the case with many of the women in Del Jordan’s life. Through these women, Munro shows us how detrimental it can be to view marriage as the sole source of happiness. Early on in Lives of Girls and Women Munro gives us the image of Aunt Moira, a woman broken and decayed by traditional female constraints: â€Å"it seemed that the gloom spreading out from Aunt Moira had a gynecological odor, like that of the fuzzy, rubberized bandages on her legs. She was a woman I would recognize now as a likely sufferer from varicose veins, hemorrhoids, a dropped womb, cysted ovaries, inflammations, discharges, lumps and stones in various places, one of those heavy, cautiously moving, wrecked survivors of the female life, with stories to tell.† (Munro 47) In contrast to this decaying victim of tradition, Munro gives us Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace. Although they seem to live for Un cle Craig, these two women have been spared from the trials of marriage and motherhood. In Del’s eyes, †Not much could be said for marriage, really, if you compared [Aunt Moira] with her sisters, who could still jump up so quickly, who still smelled fresh and healthy, and who would occasionally, deprecatingly, mention the measurement of their waists. Even getting up or sitting down, moving in the rocker, Aunt Moira gave off rumbles of complaint, involuntary and eloquent as noises of digestion and wind.† (Munro 47-8)As depressing and horrifying as these warnings of physical damage might be, they are merely symptoms of a deeper mental damage. Monroe’s writing is full of stories of inhibited ambition. One of the most striking aspects of this constraint is society’s unwillingness to educate females. In the world depicted in Lives of Girls and Women, the desire for knowledge is viewed as â€Å"a habit to be abandoned when the seriousness and satisfac tions of adult life took over.† (Munro 131) Del’s mother had to educate herself out of used textbooks, waiting for her chance to run away to high school. (Munro 87) Indeed, in much of Munro’s fiction, â€Å"self-education through books becomes indicative of an experientially and imaginatively empowering quest.† (Stich 125) Once marriage and family came into the picture, women were meant to be content with what they had. A thirst for knowledge would be seen as frivolous and extravagant. Munro shows us how society upholds this notion of the traditional woman in other stories as well. In â€Å"Meneseteung,† from the collection Friend of my Youth, Munro writes about a woman who forgoes marriage to write poetry without â€Å"the distractions of housewifery.† (Hedin 594-95) After the death of Amelda, the story’s poet, â€Å"the Vidette publishes a thinly patronizing obituary, which acknowledges her ‘sensitive, eloquent verseâ⠂¬â„¢ but is quick to atone for it by noting ‘her labours in former days in the Sunday school’ and ‘noble womanly nature.’† (Hedin 595) We see here that even when a woman manages to break the mold, society continues to try to confine her within the constraints of traditional female roles: those of the wife, the teacher, and the spiritual guide.The constraints of these traditional female roles rob Munro’s characters of their values and desires. Addie, Del’s mother, was once a proud young woman who defied societal norms in order to continue her education. She tossed away traditional religion in favor of her own system of beliefs and values. As Del listens to stories of her mother’s better days, she remarks, â€Å"Oh, if there could be a moment out of time, a moment we could choose to be judged, naked as can be, beleaguered, triumphant, then that would have to be the moment for her. Later on comes compromise and error, perhaps; there, she is absurd and unassailable.† (Munro 87) And compromise did indeed come in time. Addie is not allowed to continue to college and, in the end, her only intellectual pursuit comes in the form of selling encyclopedias. Her defiant views on religion give way to the more traditional views of her husband. As Del tells us, â€Å"We belonged – at least my father and my father’s family belonged – to the United church in Jubilee, and my brother Owen and I had both been baptized there when we were babies, which showed a surprising weakness or generosity on my mother’s part; perhaps childbirth mellowed and confused her.† (Munro 103-4)It is this compromise that forms a divide between Del and her mother. Viewed once with reverence, Addie is now seen by her daughter as washed out. In fact, Addie begins to give in to traditional ideas about female life. In â€Å"Lives of Girls and Women,† Addie gives Del, who is still fairly young, a picture to save for her children. Del, knowing about her mother’s past defiance of these ideas, reacts with surprise, â€Å"Her speaking of my children amazed me too, for I never planned to have any. It was glory I was after, walking the streets of Jubilee like an exile or spy, not sure from which direction fame would strike, or when, only convinced that it had to. In this conviction my mother had shared, she had been my ally, but now I would no longer discuss it with her; she was indiscreet and her expectations took too blatant a form.† (Munro 158) Even at this young age, Del recognizes how hindering traditional life can be, and feels betrayed by her mother’s acceptance of it.However, Munro is not warning women against getting married or having families. Munro herself is married. The danger Munro shows women through her writing is in defining oneself as a mother or wife. She does not believe that women should not desire families husbands, or male compan ionship, simply that those things should not be a woman’s only desire. Munro shows us what happens when women live solely for others. After the death of Uncle Craig, Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace, who lived to support the man and all his efforts, begin to whither. Their jokes and routines became stale and artificial. As Del describes it, â€Å"This was what became of them when they no longer had a man with them, to nourish and admire, and when they were removed from the place where their artificiality bloomed naturally.†(Munro 68)Even Del, so proud, defiant, and independent, nearly succumbs to the traditional constraints of womanhood. After her marriage to Garnet French, Del almost lets herself be baptized into a religion in which she does not believe. Not only would Del betray herself through this act, but she would be allowing Garnet to â€Å"consecrate his sense of ownership† over her. (Stich 128) Fortunately, Del sees her mistake before she allows it to become her life and â€Å"Walking out of the river away from her would-be baptizer, she ‘cut through the cemetery’ and, entering Jubilee, ‘repossessed the world’ as well as ‘my own self.’† (Stich 128)Through Lives of Girls and Women and other writings, Alice Munro shows us the dangers of succumbing to societal norms. While the values held by society can certainly help enrich life, a life defined by them is pointless and unsatisfying. Munro shows us that we must defy whatever conventions stand in the way of our own true happiness, no matter what we must leave behind to do so. Works CitedBean, Carol L. The Pursuit of Happiness: A Study of Alice Munros Fiction. The Social Science Journal 37.3 (2000): 329-345.Hedin, Benjamin. Alice Munro: Scraping the Dirt off Gravestones. Gettysburg Review 20.4 ( Winter 2007): 593-600.Stich, Klaus P. â€Å"Monro’s Grail Quest: the Progress of Logos.†Studies in Canadian Literature. 32.1(20 07): 120-140

The Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence - 794 Words

Domestic violence happens every day and it includes people of all races, ethnicities, color, religions, rich or poor, old or young, man or woman and physical and mental disabilities. Domestic violence happens to anyone regardless of where you live, work and how smart you are; these do not matter to the person committing the acts of violence against you. Today, domestic violence goes by Intimate partner violence defined as actual or threatened physical or sexual violence or psychological/emotional abuse by a spouse, ex-spouse, boyfriend/girlfriend, ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend, or date (Meadows, 2014). There are other forms of domestic violence such as stalking and dating violence. Domestic violence just doesn’t occur to married couples,†¦show more content†¦Mandatory arrests for domestic violence do happen upon the arrival of law enforcement to a scene and every state has their own specific policy regarding this. There are a handful of states that have mandatory minimum sentencing for domestic violence, such as Illinois, Iowa and California to name a few (Battered Women’s Justice Project, 2014). Mandatory arrest deescalates violent situations and creates a level of accountability for abusive people. According to data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), in 2003 to 2012, domestic violence accounted for almost a quarter of all violent crimes committed. According to the same survey conducted, only 55% of those domestic violence crimes were reported to the police. Based on a study that was conducted on past domestic violence crimes, there was a decline of domestic violence from 1994-2003 but in recent years, depending on the type of intimate partner violence, each either had a small increase or stayed the same (Truman, 2014). The impact of victimization on family units, loved ones, ad society as a whole, not only affects them financially, mentally, physically but emotionally as well. A victim of a crime may be able to move on in life afterwards but the impact of thatShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence952 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic Violence is known as â€Å"Any abusive, violent, coercive, forceful, or threatening act or word inflicted by one member of a family or household on another can constitute domestic violence† (Clark, A. (2011)). Domestic violence has gone rapid in the homes of many families. Most people believe that whatever happens in a home should stay in the home. That idea is an issue when it comes to domestic violence. Not only is it an issue within the statement and household, it is also a social and distinctRead MoreAre Women Just as Violent as Men? Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesviolent as men. The pro side of the debate said yes women are just as violent as men, and the opposing side said men are more violent than women. In the yes side of the debate violence was described as physical and emotional assaults. As in violent acts carried out with the intention of causing another person physical pain or injury, no matter whether actual injury occurs, and any unjust, cruel act, or maltreatment of another human being. In the no side of the debate violence was just described asRead MoreThe Violence Of Domestic Violence954 Words   |  4 PagesCycle of Violence in Domestic Violence As stated by the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security, â€Å"domestic violence is defined as a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviors and tactics used by one person over another (by or to any household member) to gain power and control. This may include verbal abuse, financial abuse, emotional, sexual, and physical abuse.† (The Official Website of the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.) Domestic abuse frequently becomes more often andRead MoreMilitary Involvement Of The United States And Mexican Border1579 Words   |  7 PagesStates shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence. In our past history, The United States Customs and border officials have been focused on relatively common matters of enforcing laws regarding trade and immigration, watching over agriculture and economic interests from pest and disease, andRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized? 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Battering is a learn behavior you are accountable for your own actions and must face the serve consequences ahead. Many people believe that what is happening in there Read MoreHN370Unit9Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesSafePlace provides safety and healing for individuals and families affected by sexual and domestic violence through counseling and educational programs for youth and adults. They also provide services dedicated to the prevention of domestic violence and community advocacy. The pros of the services offered at this agency include the wide array of assistance offered and their prevention efforts. The only con that I noticed was little mention of the notice given to CPS if certain cases warrant theirRead MoreAbortion : Affirmative Position Debate Outline1642 Words   |  7 Pagesprolife advocates. Pro-choice advocates believe that it is a woman’s right to choose whether or not she wants to follow through with a pregnancy regardless of the circumstances. In some cases women find themselves in difficult socioeconomic, health or emotional situations and thereby abortions are necessary in order for them to live fulfilling lives. On the other hand, pro-life advocates suggest that there are other viable options than abortion, such as adoption. This is because pro-life advocates believeRead MorePosition Paper-Khadijah Shabazz1222 Words   |  5 Pagesour control (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). It is LEAP’s belief that by eliminating prohibition of all drugs for adults and establishing appropriate regulation and standards for distribution and use, law enforcement could focus more on crimes of vio lence, such as rape, aggravated assault, child abuse and murder, making our communities much safer (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). Another positive aspect of the legalization of drugs is financial gains. According to the International Business Times inRead MoreAlcohol Use and Crime? Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pageswhether there is a strong link between the use of alcohol and crime. Findings and statistics will also be used to present the Information. Laws and legislations put in place about the consumption of alcohol will also be presented including the pros and cons of alcohol along with a conclusion of my thoughts and beliefs in relation to the link between alcohol and crime. Alcohol reduces our ability to think straight, says Professor McMurran, a psychologist at the University of Nottingham.It narrows

Decision Support Systems For Aide - 932 Words

Today’s leaders have many choices when it comes to the use of decision support systems to aide in information reduction to make informed decisions. Of the many tools available, two in particular are useful in the presence of excessive information. The Pugh Matrix which can be used to consolidate information and show the relative difference in measurement criteria among different candidate choices. The decision tree is a useful tool for making decisions when there are layered decisions that must be made to reach a final result. The Pugh Matrix is a decision support system that uses a matrix like representation of the decision to be informed. It uses rows to represent the measurement criteria and columns to represent the candidate choices. â€Å"Although specifically developed by Stuart Pugh to help in selecting between a number of design alternatives, the tools has in recent years be used a general purpose decision making aid because of its ease of use.† [4] As described by Dr. Stuart Burge, in â€Å"The Systems Engineering Toolbox†, the development of a Pugh Matrix can be described in a six step process. With Step 1 being the identification and clear definition of the criteria for selection. While Dr. Burge recommends adding weighting to the criteria in step 6 when there is no clear winner, it is recommended that weighting criteria be established in this step to prevent the weights from being affected by the scoring of candidate choices. 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Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society

We are obliged to make sure that every child gets a healthy start in life. With all of our wealth and capacity, we just can’t stand by idly. Secretary of State Colin Powell, 2000 ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2 Class hile he was still in college, Tomas Juarez had decided he wanted to work with children from low-income families. He began his teaching career, however, in a culturally diverse suburban school. The school had been built only a few years before and included state-of-the-art science labs. Students were proficient with computers;†¦show more content†¦It also strongly supports the notion that one can be socially mobile and can move to a higher class by getting an education and working hard. Groups that have not yet achieved upper-middle-class status are viewed as inferior. The hardships faced by low-income families are blamed on their lack of middle-class values and behaviors. The individual is at fault for not moving up the class ladder—a phenomenon called blaming the victim. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 48 www.prenhall.com/gollnick Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 In the second view of U.S. society, distinct class divisions are recognized. Those individuals and families who own and control corporations, banks, and other means of production comprise the privileged upper class. The professional and managerial elite have not only accumulated wealth; they are also able to ensure that their needs are supported by legislative representatives whom they have elected (American Political Science Association, 2004). 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Gang Members A Truly Destructive Lifestyle - 1423 Words

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The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development. Answer: Introduction: Development of heritage tourism has emerged as tool to bring about economic develop of historically important places. The paper would delve into one such place called Gayndah in Australia which would be developed by a non-profit organisation called Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. Organization: Organisation detail: The legal name of the organisation is Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. It is registered trading under Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation by nature is a non-profit organisation. The organisation provides various types of tourist entertainment and accommodation facilities in Gayndah (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The structure of the organisation is a private and non-profit making organisation. Business premises: The business premises of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation are located in Gayndah in Queensland, Australia. The various tourist attractions like Burnett River Rail Trail also pass through surrounding areas like Munduhberra. Organisational chart: The organisation chart of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation is as follows: Upper level management President: Takes the decisions Vice president: Assists the president in taking decisions. Middle level management: Secretary: Assists the president and the vice president Treasurer: Look after the financial aspects like pricing of the tourist packages Lower level management: Committee members: Executes the strategies of upper and lower level management. Product and services: The products and services of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation consist of tourist packages to enjoy the heritage of Gayndah. They consists of attractions like Gayndah Orange Festival and Historical Railway Bridges. The body also sells merchandize to tourists as tokens of remembrances (Gregori, Daniele Altinay, 2014). Future: Vision statement: The vision statement of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation (GHRRTI) is to promote the heritage of Gayndah. The body seeks to preserve the heritage of the place by the revenue that it would generate from tourist services. Mission statement: The mission statement of GHRRTI is to serve tourists by offering their services like railway trips in the town of Gayndah. The body would use the revenue generated to develop the town as a heritage tourist spot and bring about growth of its tourism industry (Kir?ov Pavl?eka, 2015). Strategies priorities: The priorities of the organisation are to bring about economic development of Gyandah and preserve its historical heritage. The Australian town experiences limited economic development and hence, developing it as a tourist spot would boost its economic development (Cuong, Dart Hockings, 2017). The long-term business strategies of GHRRTI are to develop Gayndah as one of the most sought tourist spots in Australia. The strategy of the body was to serve tourists and generate revenue to tourism industry of the town economically sustainable (Brilha, 2016). Goals/Objectives and Key Results areas: Goals: Develop the tourism of Gayndah Promote the heritage railway of the town. Generate revenue from tourism to make the town economically sustainable. Key Results areas: Revenue generation. Increase in the number of tourists visiting Gayndah per year. The Market: Market Research: The statistical research would be performed to analyse the market by studying the number of tourists visiting Gayndah prior to and after development of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. The local government would also be consulted to gain important statistical information like tourist visits (Arizpe, 2015). Mission targets: The sales targets would be selling a minimum of five tourist packages a day. The sales target would also consist of selling merchandise for additional revenue. The implementation schedule would consist of promoting the priority tourist packages of Gayndah and discount offers during suitable seasons to attract tourists and then contact tourists to sell tourist packages according to their preferences. Then these tourists would be sent the itinerary of visits along with the rates. The managers would then book the hotels after getting advancement payment and written confirmation from the tourists regarding their visits (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Environmental analysis: PESTLE analysis: Political: Stable economy of Australia. Government support to tourism industry Economic: Huge disposable income encourages people of Australia to visit heritage tourist spots. Financial support from financial institutions. Social: Growing concern in the Australian society promotes heritage spots. Technological: Australia is technologically developed. Social networking sites enable online promotion of tourist places. Legal: Australian law is very strict. Environment: The tourism business units like hotels should recycle wastes to minimise environmental pollution. SWOT: Strengths: Strong support from government. The heritage attribute would attract tourists. Weakness: Dependent on government and corporate sector for initial financial support. Opportunities: The body can spread its business to other towns and cities. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation can team up with banks for the booking process. Threats: Preservation of heritage sites is expensive. Pollution during historical site renovation work may attract criticism from residents and government actions. Customers: The target customers would be upper and middle class people with sufficient disposable income to afford expensive heritage tours. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would establish good relationship with customers by providing high quality services. The body would continuously keep in touch with customers and inform them on latest attractions. This would help the body attract customers and make them return to Gayndah (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Your competitors: The three competitors of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail are Destination Gold Coast, Tourism Leisure Corporation and Department of Tourism, Government of Australia which also offers heritage tourism packages (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would offer affordable tourism products and services to visitors of Gayndah which would allow it to attract more tourists compared to its competitors (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Advertising and Promotion: Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should advertise its tourist packages on the televisions, newspapers and travel magazines. It can also promote its services in trade fairs and seminars (So et al., 2016). Legislation, regulations and codes of practice: The body comes under the legislations, regulations and codes of practices laid down by Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15 and governing bodies like Department of Tourism, Government of Australia (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The finances: Sources of funds: Government aid, revenue from tourists and financial institutions. Other activities: Approach corporate bodies for financial support. Cost-benefit analysis: Category Details Costs in First Year Fixed cost Taxes, rent of office AUD 20000 Variable costs Electricity, stationary and salary of staffs AUD 100000 Other miscellaneous expenses CSR expenses AUD 50000 Total AUD 170000 Benefit Benefits within the first 12 months (in $) Generation of revenue AUD 1000000 Generation of employment AUD 100000 Economic development of town AUD 1000000 Total AUD 1100000 The above cost/benefit analysis justifies that it requires no further change in the initial phase. The management would incorporate the changes as and when necessary according to business needs. Implementation, Review and Monitoring: Review of plan: The plan would be reviewed once a year. Monitoring of implementation of plan and identification of business opportunities: The increase in profit generated would show success of implementation of plan and identification of future business opportunities. Reporting of financial and non-financial performance to stakeholders: The management would report the outcomes of financial and non-financial business plan to stakeholders on semi annually and yearly basis. Risk management: RISKS LIKELIHOOD CONSEQUENCE TREATMENT 1. Fire High Severe Arranging of fire extinguishing systems in all hotels and destinations 2. Natural calamity Low Very severe Timely reporting to local government rescue teams 3. Thefts High Financial loss CCTV cameras and stringent security checks 4. Vandalism low Financial ,loss, loss of artefacts Police protection 5. Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on High Inconvenience to injured and other tourists Medical aid, hospitals Likelihood CONSEQUENCE Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic Almost Certain Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on Likely Moderate Thefts Fire Unlikely Rare Vandalism Natural calamity Strategic planning: The heritage tourism business of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation identifies its current operations and business stands. It can be analysed and identified that the body needs to acquire funds from government in the initial stage and huge revenue as it expands its business. The business must achieve growth, expansion and maximisation of revenue generation. The accountable persons are the president who makes the strategic decisions, the vice-president who helps the president and the members who execute the strategies (So et al., 2016). The scheduled planned indicators would be increase in revenue generation and expansion of business achieved within the set timeframe of a year. Strategic planning methodologies: The strategic planning methodology would consist of formation of strategic based on the information gained from PEST and SWOT. The apex management should take into factors like political, situations and strengths like financial strengths while making strategies (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Sources of information: Internal source of information: Employees External source of information: Customers Techniques of developing organisational values: Training. Motivation Risk management strategies: Risk management strategies are important to intellectual property rights because the companies hold the IPRs of the products they manufacture. Thus, losing of IPR would also mean losing the products and causing business losses (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Business performance of key result indicators: Community awareness or branding-High Governance- Very high Quality-High Sales-High Workforce-High Triple bottom line (economic, environmental, socio-cultural)-Very high Profit and Loss- Medium Cooperative ventures with other firms: Companies must conduct their own SWOT analysis to know their strengths and weaknesses (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Key Stakeholders: Governments, customers, investors and employees Three benefits of external consultation: Professional expertise. High grade knowledge about market conditions. Information about strategies of other firms. Availability of labour: During implementation: By recruiting appropriate human resources. Training. Motivating Continuous training: Technical training Soft skill development training. Strengths and weaknesses of a business plan Strengths: Gives knowledge about resources including financial resources. Gives idea about business strategies. Weaknesses: Based on estimation and cannot be used to form strong strategies. Hardly gives any idea about future market changes (So et al., 2016). Conclusion: The discussion clearly shows that heritage tourism can help in generating revenue to bring about economic development of heritage places. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should receive financial support from government and body corporates. References: Arizpe, L. (2015). The intellectual history of culture and development institutions. InCulture, Diversity and Heritage: Major Studies(pp. 58-81). Springer International Publishing. Benur, A. M., Bramwell, B. (2015). Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations.Tourism Management,50, 213-224. Brilha, J. (2016). Inventory and quantitative assessment of geosites and geodiversity sites: a review.Geoheritage,8(2), 119-134. Cuong, C. V., Dart, P., Hockings, M. (2017). Using Enhancing our heritage toolkit for assessing management effectiveness of the Kien Giang Biosphere Reserve. Eid, R., El-Gohary, H. (2015). Muslim tourist perceived value in the hospitality and tourism industry.Journal of Travel Research,54(6), 774-787. Gregori, N., Daniele, R., Altinay, L. (2014). Affiliate marketing in tourism: Determinants of consumer trust.Journal of Travel Research,53(2), 196-210. Kavoura, A., Stavrianea, A. (2014). Economic and social aspects from social media's implementation as a strategic innovative marketing tool in the tourism industry.Procedia Economics and Finance,14, 303-312. Kir?ov, A., Pavl?eka, A. (2015). Development of social media strategies in tourism destination.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,175, 358-366. Our Vision | Gayndah Heritage Railway. (2018).Gayndahrailtrail.com. Retrieved 26 January 2018, from https://gayndahrailtrail.com/about-us/our-vision/ So, K. K. F., King, C., Sparks, B. A., Wang, Y. (2016). The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands.Journal of Travel Research,55(1), 64-78.