The Logistics of a Career in Logistics

The Logistics of a Career in Logistics Regardless of whether you are keen on a profession in coordinations, or you, as a large portion of us, have no clue about what that involves, at that point read on. Coordinations employments, especially those in flexibly chain the executives, or SCM, work with business or hierarchical gracefully creating and looking after connections, ensuring materials get where they are going securely and on time, cost limiting, and client relations. Sound great? Here are 7â things you presumably ought to know.These occupations are growingJobs in coordinations are developing at more than double the normal employment development rate. Furthermore, it’s not the sort of employment most graduates rush to first. On the off chance that you don’t mind working in the background, there could be a brilliant and stable vocation out there for you, with less competition.Demand is a lot higher than needBecause these employments fly under the radar, there is really a deficiency of qualified contend er for the more than one million occupations out there. On the off chance that you’re qualified, or can turn out to be along these lines, this is an ensured advantage into a decent career.You need educationOf course, you can’t simply stroll into a coordinations work. You will require some degree of training. Roughly 70% of coordinations managers publicizing employments a year ago unequivocally favored a bachelor’s certificate. A partner degree may get your foot in the entryway, yet to be extremely serious, you ought to pull out all the stops. In addition, it will show your inspiration and industriousness the two characteristics that are incredibly profoundly esteemed in a field that requires subtlety and solace arranging complexity.Don’t simply expect you’ll have an officeLogisticians have a gigantic measure of data and assignments to oversee, so you’ll need to make certain to ask potential bosses where you’ll be spending the greater part of your work day-whether at a production line setting, a conveyance or get focus, or a customary office. As these settings fluctuate from occupation to work, it’s best not to assume.The pressure is highJust on the grounds that it’s under the radar, doesn’t mean the stakes aren’t high. Such a large number of parts of the SCM activity will rely upon you. Also, since most kerfluffles occur on the coordinations side, it’s up to you to keep things running easily under fire.You need to see the forestSimply thinking about your activity won’t be sufficient. A decent logistician will have complete information on the functions of the entire SCM framework. This will assist you with keeping things running smoothly.It’s exceptionally rankedAccording to Us News World Report, Logistics occupations are 26th on their rundown of best employments generally speaking, and furthermore sixth on their â€Å"Best Business Jobs† list. Anticipate gr eat compensation and possibilities, and sensible stress.Hopefully everything appears to be somewhat less convoluted to you now. In the event that this sounds bravo and you can deal with a touch of weight, at that point consider getting yourself a degree in SCM the executives. Or on the other hand only a decent BA and a section level sought after employment you’ll be well headed to a strong vocation in Logistics.

Operation of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh Free Essays

Research paper On Operation of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh Term Paper On Operations of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh Financial Institutions amp; Markets (FIN 335) Summer 2012 Submitted To Md Lutfur Rahman Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration East West University Submitted by Srabonty MazumderMd. Saddam HossenMd. Mehedi HasanMd. We will compose a custom exposition test on Activity of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Nazmul Hasan BhuyanSanjana Ahmed| 2009-2-10-0212009-3-10-031 2009-3-10-0762009-3-10-0222008-3-10-101| Section:02 Date of Submission: April 18, 2012 Letter of Transmittal April18, 2012 Md Lutfur Rahman Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration East West University Subject: Submission of Assignment. Dear Sir: We are extremely satisfied to present this research project on â€Å"Operations of Bank the executives in Bangladesh. † as you have approved us to in this semester. We are regarded to set up this research paper under your direction since it allowed us the chance to know the tasks of various business bank in Bangladesh and furthermore know the item and administration offered by that bank. Furthermore, we investigate which bank gives novel item and administration to their clients and what direction they give. We examine its offered item near situation in separate to the next sort of business bank. We attempted our level best to amass the data for you as extensive as could be expected under the circumstances. We will be obliged to give further explanation on this report at whatever point essential. Truly Yours, Srabonty Mzumder [2009-2-10-021] ________________ Md. Saddam Hossen [2009-3-10-031]________________ Md. Mehedi Hasan [2009-3-10-076]________________ Md. Nazmul Hasan Bhuyan [2009-3-10-022]________________ Sanjana Ahmed [2008-3-10-101]________________ Acknowledgment We might want to offer our thanks and obligation to our respectable personnel Md Lutfur Rahman, Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, East West University (EWU). With his unlimited direction, significant exhortation, persistent motivation, productive analysis and liberality she helped us to complete this report effectively. We might likewise want to offer our thanks to the site that helped us to accumulate all the important data. At last, we might want to thank to all gathering individuals that straightforwardly or in a roundabout way helped us to give and aggregate all the fundamental data for the achievement of this task. Chapter by chapter guide Executive Summary 1. Presentation: There are diverse kind business bank that are working their business in Bangladesh like state claimed business bank, private possessed business bank, some worldwide bank, Islamic bank and so on ach sort of bank offer distinctive sort of item and administration for their customer. These business offer various sorts of stores administration and furthermore offer various kinds of credit administration. So we break down the relative circumstance in one bank offered item and administration with another bank. 2. 1. Inception of the report: This report begins to satisfy the necessity of contemplating Financial Institutions amp; M arkets, which is the course of BBA Program of East West University. The subject of the report is â€Å"Operation of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh† 2. 2. Objective: The reason for the report is to know the near circumstance among the business bank and furthermore to expand our insight about money related market by examining its similar circumstance. 2. 3. Extent of the report: There are immense extensions to set up the research project to gathering data, break down the data and furthermore actualize the data. 2. 4. Limitations: To set up this report we have confronted a great deal of issues, for example, inaccessibility of lab, power issue, inaccessibility of related books inaccessibility of data in net and so forth 2. 5. Philosophy: right away we gather the fundamental data from web like related bank sites, and afterward breaks down the data based on accessible data. So with the end goal of the report culmination gather data from optional sources. Open and Private business Banks in Bangladesh Public Banks: The financial arrangement of Bangladesh is overwhelmed by the 4 Nationalized Commercial Banks In which 3 are completely constrained by government and 1 (Rupali Bank) bank is constrained by both government and private area. Nationalized Commercial Bank of Bangladesh: * Sonali Bank Agrani Bank * Rupali Bank * Janata Bank For Our Comparison we select Agrani Bank and Sonali Bank Private Banks: Private Banks are the most elevated development segment because of the terrible exhibitions of government banks (above). They will in general offer better help and items. Presently 39 private business banks are working in Bangladesh. Among them we select Dutch Bangla Bank ltd and BRAC Bank ltd for our correlation . Correlation among Public and Private Banks: 1. Individual Banking: As open Bank Agrani Bank and Sonali Bank offer Personal financial items for their present and potential clients. Then again private bank additionally give various kinds of individual financial assistance for their present and potential client. Store and credit administrations are-Product type| Public Bank| Private Bank| Deposit services| Savings financial balance, Fixed store receipt, Pension schemeSonali Deposit Scheme (SDS)Education Deposit Scheme (EDS)Medicare Deposit Scheme (MDS)Monthly Earning Scheme (MES)Marriage Savings Scheme (MSS)Rural Deposit Scheme (RDS) andDouble Benefit Scheme (DBS)Credit Schemes| Convertible Taka Account. Current Deposit AccountCurrent Deposit Account BankExporter’s FC DepositForeign Current AccountNon-convertible Taka Account Saving store AccountShort Term Deposit AccountShort Team Deposit Bank Account| Loan Sevices| Home advance, Consumer advance, Advance against salaryConsumer Credit Special Small Credit IT Finance Loan for Diagnostic Center Loan conspire for Employment Abroad | Auto Line Care Line Dreams works out as expected LineEducation LineFestival LineFull Secured Line General LineHome Line: Marriage Line Professional LineTravel line| 2. Business backing And Industry Development Products : With the end goal of working up a reserve of Tk. 500 crore for financing mechanical projects, Agrani Bank introduced Agrani Bank Shilpa Unnayan Bondâ in 1999. There are two sorts of bonds †5 and 7 years. The least group is Tk. 50,000 and most noteworthy one is of Tk. 500,000. Loan fee is sufficient to pull in individuals. Significant credit Schemes for specialists are Industrial Credit, Trade Finance, Import Finance and Export Finance. On the off chance that you are a meriting possibility for any of them, or you need any narrative help from Agrani Bank, you may visit to any branch of Agrani Bank. For mechanical advancement of the country Sonali Bankâ provides long haul credit against new ventures and BMRE program of existing businesses. Under various plans it tends to push part, Garments, Tourism, Hospital, Pharmaceutical, Power Plant and some more. Contrast with Public manages an account with private bank : Also offer distinctive sort of advance offices that’s loan cost is by and large drifted financing cost. 3. Agri amp; Rural Banking item : Now main concern ranchers may have a ledger keeping Tk. 10 in particular. Agrani Bankâ provides this support of rustic territories in Bangladesh. Youthful age planning to travel to another country for employments may have credit for their air tickets and different costs against ostensible protections. Other country prudent exercises are additionally upheld by Agrani Bankâ credit programs. The regions tended to are Cultivation (bloom and others), Fisheries, and Poultry, Purchasing Agriculture and water system apparatus and furrowing creatures. So it tends to be said that Agrani Bank that open bankâ is attempting to advance financial development of Bangladesh from the very grass root level which is 80% of national economy. 5% of our populace lives in provincial regions of Bangladesh and 75% acquire their living from agribusiness. So without support up of farming our economy won’t develop. Additionally Sonali Bank as an open bankâ very accurately addresses it through the Rural Credit Scheme. The plan gives advance under the accompanying models: * Crop Loan * Special Investment Program * Farming amp; Off Farming proj ect * Krishi Khamar Rin Karmasuchi * Pond Fisheries Credit Program * Fertilizer Dealers Credit Program * Sugarcane Production Loan Program * Social Forestation Program All these credit programs are a lot of appropriate for our country individuals and society and meanwhile these endeavors have begun to give result. The outcomes are empowering. Then again private banks Such as Bank Asia and Dutch Bangla bank as private bank, ordinarily center around the urban individuals. They don’t have a particular items on the country or Agricultural area. Bank Asia has an item â€Å"KIOSH† for the rancher however it isn't so well known or helpful for the rancher. 4. Microcredit item: For Bangladesh point of view microcredit is fundamental. To consider the destitute individuals of Bangladesh Sonali Bank offer Microcredit. Sonali Bankâ being submitted for individuals and society has been partaking in the field effectively since 2003. Around 20 activities under the plan are in progress. Then again in Private Banks: Such as Bank Asia and Dutch Bangla bank have no particular microcredit item for the lower working class individuals of Bangladesh. All Their items is essentially for high society and working class individuals. 5. SME Banking item: Small and medium endeavor of the nation is one of the meriting divisions for monetary help. Agrani Bankâ justifiably gives credit to them under various plans. Agrani Bankâ launched a joint endeavor program named Small Enterprise Development Program (SEDP) with NORAD, a Norwegian organization in 1995. This program was executed in more prominent Mymensingh and Faridpur dist

Understanding the Media Free Essays

Since the media has now become the focal point of the present life controlling each part of it, it is in this manner imperative to comprehend and to fundamentally see how the media works . It is anyway faulty to see how the media adjusts between meeting its objectives and focuses as a business and satisfying its job of going about as the people groups voice true to form by the general public it serves without settling on every one of the two. BODY It is just through the comprehension of the media that the individuals become more acquainted with that the media assumes a significant job in instructing the general public. We will compose a custom paper test on Understanding the Media or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Francois Nell takes note of that 'the media add to social turn of events'. (Composing For The Media In Southern Africa:3rd Edition). Through the media, training has moved from aberrant educating to coordinate instructing whereby the minors and understudies get the opportunity to learn through various T. V programs like the Tekalani Sesami(SABC 3) and Matrics Uploaded(SABC 2). In spite of the fact that this advancement in Media creation learning has become so helpful along these lines adding to the instructive development of the network. It is likewise crucial to comprehend the media creation in order to know when and when not to accuse the media when embarrassments occur . Stony Brooke noticed that, 'the impacts of media appear to be important to rely upon the examples of crowd use. ' It is anyway unjustifiable to accuse the media for the maltreatment of the media shapes by the open it will in general advantage. It is hence imperative to observe the way that the crowd has a significant task to carry out the extent that media content is related. Understanding media creation is imperative as well in order to know reality behind some frightful news said of the media by people in general. a decent comprehension of the media empowers us to realize how to relate and manage a portion of these allegations. Gilmore p37 takes note of that 'news is to a greater degree a discussion and the lines have obscured among makers and buyers. The once detached crowd has become a functioning member in the creation and dispersal of news, and the progression of data is not, at this point constrained by writers Haddow Kim S. Haddow) . It is in this way critical to take note of that the media isn't exclusively to fault for certain outrages in media content yet additionally the crowd has a task to carry out for media misuse. It is just through media proficiency that he crowd realize how to use various types of media and to realize when to adhere to a meaningful boundary to the extent their commitment with the media is concerned. In spite of the fact that the media advancement 'energizes singular change and mobility'(Francois Nel ),it is anyway significant for one to know how for instance the web works in order to shield oneself from man-eaters that has overwhelmed this media structure, numerous people gr oups' lives. Through this mindfulness one can realize when to adhere to a meaningful boundary to the extent his/her commitment with various characters on this blog is concerned. Anyway it is additionally imperative to fundamentally see how the media passes on its messages to the individuals with the goal that one won't fall a casualty to a portion of the media content that tend to 'prompt political lack of concern, estrangement, pessimism and lost social capital'( Kenneth Newton) in this way conditioning the general population into settling on wrong political decisions. Diminish Phillips contends that 'majority rules system doesn't work inside a minute ago stable chomps, replacing significant open discussion and bargaining the mass data that could be accessible to the people'(Censored 2007). This anyway shows in their offer to meet focuses on, the media will in general trade off on their desires from the general public and furthermore on their job of advising the general population. Through a basic commitment with the media, one is made to see that the media has a 'mass impact on cultural conduct'( Jatto et tal). During the Family Planning Campaign in Tanzania, the media incrementally affected preventative use. The more media sources a lady was presented to, the more she was to receive a contraception (Jatto et tal, 1999:65-67). The media battle in the Philippines had obviously beneficial outcomes . Nancy Morris noticed that 'the broad communications data battle was to a great extent answerable for the improvement in immunization coverage'(McDivitt, Zimicki and Hornik, 1997:111). This unmistakably shows the media has the ability to control people groups' conduct so a pundit comprehension of it is crucial to forestall conceivable condition. Since the media has become the 'foundation of the promoting , publicizing and advertising industries'(Peter J Jourie) takes note of that 'a sound information on how the media work, think and disperse importance is essential to these businesses'. It is anyway imperative to basically draw in with the media in order to realize how to relate with the data given by the media in order to realize acceptable behavior on their 'training' the extent that their data about these businesses is related since they will publicize. It is imperative to take note of that the media is simply after shocking stories with the goal that the individuals will realize that behind the data handed out by the media, lies increasingly accommodating and significant data. This will empower the crowd to be keeping watch of progressively supportive stories that don't make it into the papers that may be vital to their vocation. It tends to be presumed that despite the fact that the media is there to serve the individuals and to live up to their desires, the media itself winds up on a trading off situation with just one way out, that is to do anything conceivable to meet its objectives as a business despite the fact that it implies settling on their job inside the general public . This implies general society ought to be all around educated as on the best way to use helpful media content and simultaneously on the most proficient method to screen a portion of the media content so as to shield themselves from the mischief that accompanies it. The complexity just currently lies on how general society can get educated when the main way to advise the general population is just through the media. The most effective method to refer to Understanding the Media, Papers

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 11

Initiative - Essay Example Hesitant pioneers are regularly supplied with administration aptitudes and with legitimate preparing and mentorship, hesitant pioneers end up being solid and capable pioneers; as the writer of this article states, hesitant pioneers have abilities to be incredible chiefs yet can’t envision themselves prevailing in a position of authority. Haughty pioneers allude to the class of individuals who, however they have weaknesses recently like the hesitant pioneers, they anyway accept that they are solid and able pioneers. The pompous pioneers make up for their instabilities through persuading themvelves that they are capable pioneers; dissimilar to the hesitant pioneers who show low confidence, the egotistical pioneers show solid fearlessness and self-conviction in their capacities as pioneers. The haughty pioneers are typically eager self-advertisers; consequently, pompous pioneers are mostly elevated to places of administration by numerous associations, not at all like the hesitant pioneers who don't grandstand their initiative aptitudes. In contrast to the hesitant pioneers, the self-important pioneers need common administration aptitudes and hence, presumptuous pioneers can unleash destruction in the gatherings or the groups that they are driving. This is on the grounds that pompous pioneers are not unassuming and they accept that they realize all they have to know in initiative and in relating with the individuals they lead. Therefore, changing self-important pioneers into able pioneers is a difficult undertaking that requires the presumptuous pioneers to be assisted with perceiving their own shortcomings and constraints, so they can be sufficiently modest to get familiar with authority in order to have the option to relate better with the individuals they lead. Obscure pioneers allude to a class of pioneers who are very able pioneers and they are additionally eager, however they have a shortcoming in framing associations with others; obscure pioneers are careful and they structure associations with others more gradually and likely than other

“Philip Condit and the Boeing 777

The contextual analysis „Philip Condit and the Boeing 777: From Design and Development to Production and Salesâ€Å" manages the dispatch and improvement key purposes of the Boeing 777 model during the 90s. By and large, the airplane business is depicted as an exceptionally dangerous one as disappointment is the standard because of high item advancement costs. Moreover it comprises of an opponent duopoly of the endurance stream producers Boeing and Airbus. The Boeing company’s history of delivering planes can be part into two periods. During the 1920s, 1930s and during Worlds War II., it was a military temporary worker creating planes and battle airplane. Later on, in the 1950, Boeing turned into the world‘ s biggest maker of business airplane. Their first fly was the 707 model. In spite of the fact that Boeing was fruitful, Airbus stayed a genuine adversary. In 1988, Boeing wanted to overhaul the 767 model so as to meet the degree of Airbus‘ rivalry which propelled two new models. As Boeing had no 300-seat jetlines, nor plans to grow such a fly, the Executive Vice President Philip Condit proposed to structure a 767 twofold decker stream. To investigate the dangers, he attempted to see whether the clients were keen on such a dispatch. In any case, United Airlines dismissed the possibility of a 767 twofold decker, as it got no opportunity against Airbus‘ new model vehicles. Rather, Condit was prevailed upon to build up a totally new plug Boeing plane which would be known as the 777 venture. One of the fundamental qualities of the Boeing 777 stream was that it was a purchaser driven item. So as to diminish the danger of building up the new stream, Boeing affirmed the undertaking just until it acquired 68 firm requests of the 777 fly by the bearer United Airlines. At exactly that point Boeing commited to the 777 program and the executives endorsed the nearby collaboration of the two organizations. For the plan and improvement stage Boeing presented the „Working Togetherâ€Å" with eight additional transporters. Moreover Boeing 777 was an all around made item, for which 12 global organizations were contracted. Boeing split the danger of the new item on a group of planes comprising of various planes work around an essential 777 model. By that, the plan incorporated a greatest adaptability for future changes of the model as indicated by client inclinations. Other than these realities, the 777 undertaking conveyed the primary jetliner planned totally by PCs. Rather than antiquated two-dimensional strategies, the refined PC program „Catiaâ€Å" (PC helped three-dimensional intuitive application) had been utilized. Moreover, all colleagues were associated by Catia, which caused them to be cross-utilitarian. During the 777 task, Boeing executed another organization culture, where sequential construction system laborers were engaged and urged to offer recommendations and take an interest in the desicion making. Supervisors additionally payed regard for issues looked by their laborers, for example, security concerns, childcare, and so forth. The Leadership and Management style transformed from a cryptic one to open correspondence among representatives; from an individualistic mindset to collaboration. In the 1990 the new 777 airplane program had been propelled and in 1995 the primary stream had been conveyed, while in 2001 the 777s were flying in the administration of major U.S. what's more, global carriers. In spite of the fact that Boeing created the best business jetliner, it was an unsafe undertaking and its procedure contained uncertain issues. Issue articulation The primary worry of Boeing was its inadequacy to arrive at the serious degree of its lone adversary, Airbus. While Boeing had no designs to try and build up a 300-seat jetline, Airbus had propelled in 1988 two new fruitful models. Condit’s recommendation of a modernization of the previously existing 767 model by redesigning it to a twofold decker stream, had been declined by United Airlines. United’s contra contention was that a Boeing 767 twofold decker was no match to Airbus’s new model vehicles. Boeing’s challenge was to make a totally new plug stream model which ought not exclusively be the favored plane in the airplane business, and yet be propelled at a serious cost. The most exorbitant and unsafe piece of the advancement of an airplane was the creation of the fly motor. Its creation could cost as much as delivering the plane itself. By choosing to build up a totally new 777 model as opposed to refreshing the more established 767 model, another motor must be created. Despite the fact that Boeing had been solid during the 90s, the venture despite everything was dangerous. A disappointment of the costful new jetliner may have prompted a decay of the Boeing organization. The inquiry was the means by which to create mechanical and administrative advancements to reduce expenses. Those developments in airplane configuration, assembling and gathering should refresh Boeing’s designing creation framework and assembling methodologies. The case centers around endeavors done to get by in the airplane advertise by modernization, achievement and cost adequacy. All endeavors at last race to the inquiry, if Boeing will accomplish a superior serious situation to Airbus. Information investigation The principle issue of the organization stir since its most recent, eight-year-old, wide-body twin stream 767 Boeing model, regardless of whether updated and transformed into a twofold decker, still couldn’t be a match to Airbus’s new 300-seat wide-body models (the two motor A330 and the four motor A340). On the off chance that Boeing needed to have future available, it immediately needed to determine this issue by arranging a method for upgrading its serious position comparative with Airbus. Boeing was additionally being encouraged by the United Airlines and furthermore by other aircraft bearers to build up a fresh out of the box new plug fly, which was even expected to be the most progressive plane of its age. The choice to be made as far as this issue lies in the duty of Frank Shrontz, Boeing’s CEO, in 1988. The partners to be additionally influenced by it were the future clients of the 777 Boeing model †aircraft bearers from all around the globe, as United Airlines. Likewise pertinent to the result of Shrontz’s choice were the administrator Philip Condit, put in control for the 777 task, just as all the others 10 000 representatives and lower level directors, that were enrolled to take a shot at it. The circumstance was going to influence too Boeing’s providers for auxiliary parts, frameworks and gear, which were twelve global organizations situated in ten nations. As first oblige for settling the issue we can take note of that Boeing’s creation framework and assembling techniques were old fashioned and should have been refreshed. So as to make an airplane, which could contend with Airbus’s most recent ones, Boeing first expected to renew their large scale manufacturing fabricating framework. Airbus likewise was in front of Boeing on account of their utilization of the most trend setting innovations, and accordingly Boeing needed to bring driving edge advances into its jetliners. On the off chance that we take a gander at Exhibit II in the business case, we will see the piece of the overall industry of shipments of business airplane of Boeing, McDonnell Douglas (MD) (until 1997, preceding the merger with Boeing) and Airbus, for the period 1992 †2000. The rate numbers on the table show the serious connection among Boeing and Airbus, particularly when they remain the main players in the business in 1997. Airbus is consistently raising the level of its piece of the pie of shipment consistently, for Boeing’s mishap separately. From here we can expand more our comprehension of the risk that Boeing had even with Airbus and furthermore of the requirement for the CEO of Boeing to think of an answer for how to reinforce its serious position.

Editing Checklist For Higher Grade By

Proofreading list, editing checklist, or revision checklist it comes in many names, but no matter how each university calls it, editing or revising shall remain as the final and arguably the most crucial step in writing. Proofreading is an essential step in writing be it dissertation writing, research writing, creative writing, or even in preparing your resume or a PowerPoint presentation, because this stage ensures that your paper is free from unforgivable errors. Academic writing, to be honest, can be pretty exhausting because the amount of effort every student gives in meeting their requirements is no joke, and sometimes, one tend to forget or overlook a few mistakes in the paper.Before we go down to our actual checklist, first you need to understand the following concepts which are highly significant in proofreading.The CrutchesDid you know that the subconscious part of your mind is 30,000 times more powerful than your conscious mind? And in your subconscious mind is where the w riting crutches latch. Writing crutches are the writing habits which you do not notice immediately, especially when you are in the groove of pouring your ideas into a paper. For instance, you got that tendency to begin your essay with a question or often utilize compound sentences even when you do not need to it is not a mistake most of the time, but doing this in a lot of your essays can weaken your writing skills. Sure, it may sound great as you are writing it, but when you try to visit your previous works, it can be a little embarrassing. What you can do is slow down and try to catch these crutches, and allow yourself to know your writing style better. Knowing these subconscious writing habits allows you to be more aware of your writing and avoid them later on.The Oxford CommaThe absence of oxford or serial comma can bring about a lot of ambiguities and peculiar sentences. You see, missing commas can make Abraham Lincoln and Marilyn Monroe become your parents: I dedicate the suc cess of this dissertation to my parents, Abraham Lincoln and Marilyn Monroe missing commas can even make Hillary Clinton and the current United States President Donald Trump the performing clowns in your nephews birthday party: I ensured the entertainment part of my nephews seventh birthday party by inviting the community clowns, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump that does not sound right, aye? So do yourself a favor, be vigilant with your punctuation marks. The same goes with hyphenation. We all know that English is a crazy language, and same words can have two different meanings depending on punctuation such as: Man-eating shark emerged versus Man eating shark emerged.No, you cannot interchange which and thatDarling, we all believed that which and that can be used interchangeably, however, remember your restrictive and non-restrictive clauses lesson? Yes, there is such a thing, and yes, that rule exists. The word that is utilized only for restrictive clauses a clause that comple tes the thought of a statement, hence, cannot be removed. Which, on the other hand, is utilized for non-restrictive clauses a modifier which can be deleted, yet does not change the initial meaning of the statement. This is one of the most common mistakes in writing that anybody, even the professionals, can commit.ClichsAvoid them avoid them at all cost. There is really nothing else we can tell you about this, just avoid them. Clichs is also one of the crutches that you need to be aware of because people who think that they are not that good as a writer, so they leans towards utilizing generally acceptable statements made prominent in ancient writings. In fact, you will be surprised how much clichs there could be in some of your paragraphs. Keep in mind, though, that there are plenty of ways to improve your writing style. Avoiding cliches is one of them.Crutches, punctuation, clichs, and the which and that fiasco are only a few of the reasons why you need this editing checklist in your pocket whenever you are writing:1. Did you take a break?This may sound like a joke, however, believe us - it is necessary. You need to give yourself a rest in order for your eyes to be fresh to easily spot the errors.2. Technical FormatIs the text readable? The universal text style is Arial or Times New Roman at size 12 font.Is the text double-spaced?As a general rule, an academic paper must be double-spaced, however, there are some schools that prefer single-spacing.Did you set the margins at 1-inch on all sides?Dissertations and theses usually require two inches of margin from the left side of the paper for binding.Is it written in third person?Academic papers, unless it is a reflection, should always be written in the third person perspective no I, me, you, her, etc.Does it conform to the standard style?Remember that British and American writing styles are two different entities in many ways, so keep that in mind. Be consistent.Did you follow the required academic style?In academic writing, every paper has to follow the rules of a specific academic style including, but not limited to, APA, MLA, Chicago, and Harvard.Did you meet the word count requirement?Content FormatDo you have an introduction?Do you have a thesis statement?Did you separate the body paragraph(s) from your introduction?Do you have a topic sentence for each paragraph?Do you have a transition from one paragraph to another?Do you have a conclusion?OriginalityDid you cite important information?Did you use proper punctuation marks (e.g. quotation marks for direct quotes, etc.)?Did you use block formatting for direct quotes over 25 words?Did you paraphrase other information properly?Grammar and Word UsageDid you spellcheck and ensure that you have completely shied away from the common errors?Is there any deviant terms that needs replacing?Did you get rid of the run-on statements?Are there still sentence fragments or sentences that does not represent a complete thought?Is your paper in acti ve voice?Did you use the proper prepositions?Content QualityIs it clear?Is there a weak argument?Is the paper interesting?Did you meet the instructions?Did you use illustrations to elaborate your thoughts?Did you use enough scholarly evidences to ensure the credibility of your analysis?Is the language appropriate for your readers?Is the purpose clear?Are there irrelevant details in the paper?Is the conclusion powerful enough to maintain the purpose of the paper?Writing service for college studentsThese are only the basic questions you need to include in an editing checklist, and this checklist is applicable for higher grade even for papers meant for lower academic levels. Note that every checklist can change in consideration of the given instructions for your paper. Remember, this checklist can be your guide in proofreading your work, however, if you want a better evaluation of your work, you can always ask someone to go over the checklist for you - the best choice would be someone who specializes in this craft. can help you with your problems! We are a ghostwriting service company that is dedicated to delivering guaranteed quality work. Be it proofreading or essay help, our writing experts are sure to give you the academic help (custom term paper, custom essay, custom research paper, among others) you need to ace a paper requirement. Need a custom paper that has everything done for you? We are more than happy to help.

Happily Never After Traditional vs. True Happiness in Lives of Girls and Women - Literature Essay Samples

The myth of â€Å"happily ever after† has pervaded Western culture for centuries. Nearly all of our fairy tales and bedtime stories conclude with the hero and his beautiful bride riding off into the sunset. Because of these stories, the idea that marriage is the final goal in life and the source of all happiness is held intact. This is especially true in the case of literature involving female protagonists. In the words of Carol L. Bean, â€Å"the traditional conventions of the genre of fiction – whether popular or elite – have taken finding true love (with marriage as its signifier and happiness as its inevitable reward) as the major goal of women’s quests.† (Bean 330) It is this concept that Alice Munro so passionately battles in her fiction. While laden with themes of religion, sex, and other heavy topics, Lives of Girls and Women serves as a testament to Monroe’s belief that marriage does not equal happiness.We see in Lives of Girls and Women that the world of Del Jordan has already been tainted with an â€Å"Angel in the House† mentality. In fact, Munro gives us Del’s own view of and longing for the conventional fairy tale. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Del finds out that this year’s operetta will be The Pied Piper, and finds herself â€Å"disappointed, thinking there would be no court scenes, no ladies in waiting, no beautiful clothes.† (Munro 138) Not only is the young Del enamored with the idea of fairy-tale romance, she also wishes for her real life to reflect the conventions set forth by â€Å"happily ever after† fiction. When listening to tales of her mother’s life, Del is anxious to hear of her parents’ marriage in the way that tradition has taught her to expect it: â€Å"Now I expected as in all momentous satisfying stories – the burst of Glory, the Reward. Marriage to my father? I hoped that was it. I wished she would leave me in no doubt about it.† (Munro 89) While the preservation of naivety is certainly an aspect of traditional views on happiness, Munro opens our eyes to another, perhaps even more dangerous, side of these concepts. In an attempt to perpetuate the importance of marriage in our society, many people resort to scare tactics. These people mislead their children into believing that any attempt to build happiness without marriage can have disastrous consequences. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Naomi, working from the teachings of her mother, informs Del about the consequences of having children out of wedlock: â€Å"if a girl has to get married, she either dies having [the child], or nearly dies, or else there is something the matter with it. Either a harelip of clubfoot or it isn’t right in the head. My mother has seen it.† (Munro 132)Whether women fear the mutilation of their unborn children or, simply because they are raised to be ignorant of untraditiona l happiness, they succumb to the idea of marriage and family as life’s final reward. Such is the case with many of the women in Del Jordan’s life. Through these women, Munro shows us how detrimental it can be to view marriage as the sole source of happiness. Early on in Lives of Girls and Women Munro gives us the image of Aunt Moira, a woman broken and decayed by traditional female constraints: â€Å"it seemed that the gloom spreading out from Aunt Moira had a gynecological odor, like that of the fuzzy, rubberized bandages on her legs. She was a woman I would recognize now as a likely sufferer from varicose veins, hemorrhoids, a dropped womb, cysted ovaries, inflammations, discharges, lumps and stones in various places, one of those heavy, cautiously moving, wrecked survivors of the female life, with stories to tell.† (Munro 47) In contrast to this decaying victim of tradition, Munro gives us Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace. Although they seem to live for Un cle Craig, these two women have been spared from the trials of marriage and motherhood. In Del’s eyes, †Not much could be said for marriage, really, if you compared [Aunt Moira] with her sisters, who could still jump up so quickly, who still smelled fresh and healthy, and who would occasionally, deprecatingly, mention the measurement of their waists. Even getting up or sitting down, moving in the rocker, Aunt Moira gave off rumbles of complaint, involuntary and eloquent as noises of digestion and wind.† (Munro 47-8)As depressing and horrifying as these warnings of physical damage might be, they are merely symptoms of a deeper mental damage. Monroe’s writing is full of stories of inhibited ambition. One of the most striking aspects of this constraint is society’s unwillingness to educate females. In the world depicted in Lives of Girls and Women, the desire for knowledge is viewed as â€Å"a habit to be abandoned when the seriousness and satisfac tions of adult life took over.† (Munro 131) Del’s mother had to educate herself out of used textbooks, waiting for her chance to run away to high school. (Munro 87) Indeed, in much of Munro’s fiction, â€Å"self-education through books becomes indicative of an experientially and imaginatively empowering quest.† (Stich 125) Once marriage and family came into the picture, women were meant to be content with what they had. A thirst for knowledge would be seen as frivolous and extravagant. Munro shows us how society upholds this notion of the traditional woman in other stories as well. In â€Å"Meneseteung,† from the collection Friend of my Youth, Munro writes about a woman who forgoes marriage to write poetry without â€Å"the distractions of housewifery.† (Hedin 594-95) After the death of Amelda, the story’s poet, â€Å"the Vidette publishes a thinly patronizing obituary, which acknowledges her ‘sensitive, eloquent verseâ⠂¬â„¢ but is quick to atone for it by noting ‘her labours in former days in the Sunday school’ and ‘noble womanly nature.’† (Hedin 595) We see here that even when a woman manages to break the mold, society continues to try to confine her within the constraints of traditional female roles: those of the wife, the teacher, and the spiritual guide.The constraints of these traditional female roles rob Munro’s characters of their values and desires. Addie, Del’s mother, was once a proud young woman who defied societal norms in order to continue her education. She tossed away traditional religion in favor of her own system of beliefs and values. As Del listens to stories of her mother’s better days, she remarks, â€Å"Oh, if there could be a moment out of time, a moment we could choose to be judged, naked as can be, beleaguered, triumphant, then that would have to be the moment for her. Later on comes compromise and error, perhaps; there, she is absurd and unassailable.† (Munro 87) And compromise did indeed come in time. Addie is not allowed to continue to college and, in the end, her only intellectual pursuit comes in the form of selling encyclopedias. Her defiant views on religion give way to the more traditional views of her husband. As Del tells us, â€Å"We belonged – at least my father and my father’s family belonged – to the United church in Jubilee, and my brother Owen and I had both been baptized there when we were babies, which showed a surprising weakness or generosity on my mother’s part; perhaps childbirth mellowed and confused her.† (Munro 103-4)It is this compromise that forms a divide between Del and her mother. Viewed once with reverence, Addie is now seen by her daughter as washed out. In fact, Addie begins to give in to traditional ideas about female life. In â€Å"Lives of Girls and Women,† Addie gives Del, who is still fairly young, a picture to save for her children. Del, knowing about her mother’s past defiance of these ideas, reacts with surprise, â€Å"Her speaking of my children amazed me too, for I never planned to have any. It was glory I was after, walking the streets of Jubilee like an exile or spy, not sure from which direction fame would strike, or when, only convinced that it had to. In this conviction my mother had shared, she had been my ally, but now I would no longer discuss it with her; she was indiscreet and her expectations took too blatant a form.† (Munro 158) Even at this young age, Del recognizes how hindering traditional life can be, and feels betrayed by her mother’s acceptance of it.However, Munro is not warning women against getting married or having families. Munro herself is married. The danger Munro shows women through her writing is in defining oneself as a mother or wife. She does not believe that women should not desire families husbands, or male compan ionship, simply that those things should not be a woman’s only desire. Munro shows us what happens when women live solely for others. After the death of Uncle Craig, Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace, who lived to support the man and all his efforts, begin to whither. Their jokes and routines became stale and artificial. As Del describes it, â€Å"This was what became of them when they no longer had a man with them, to nourish and admire, and when they were removed from the place where their artificiality bloomed naturally.†(Munro 68)Even Del, so proud, defiant, and independent, nearly succumbs to the traditional constraints of womanhood. After her marriage to Garnet French, Del almost lets herself be baptized into a religion in which she does not believe. Not only would Del betray herself through this act, but she would be allowing Garnet to â€Å"consecrate his sense of ownership† over her. (Stich 128) Fortunately, Del sees her mistake before she allows it to become her life and â€Å"Walking out of the river away from her would-be baptizer, she ‘cut through the cemetery’ and, entering Jubilee, ‘repossessed the world’ as well as ‘my own self.’† (Stich 128)Through Lives of Girls and Women and other writings, Alice Munro shows us the dangers of succumbing to societal norms. While the values held by society can certainly help enrich life, a life defined by them is pointless and unsatisfying. Munro shows us that we must defy whatever conventions stand in the way of our own true happiness, no matter what we must leave behind to do so. Works CitedBean, Carol L. The Pursuit of Happiness: A Study of Alice Munros Fiction. The Social Science Journal 37.3 (2000): 329-345.Hedin, Benjamin. Alice Munro: Scraping the Dirt off Gravestones. Gettysburg Review 20.4 ( Winter 2007): 593-600.Stich, Klaus P. â€Å"Monro’s Grail Quest: the Progress of Logos.†Studies in Canadian Literature. 32.1(20 07): 120-140

The Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence - 794 Words

Domestic violence happens every day and it includes people of all races, ethnicities, color, religions, rich or poor, old or young, man or woman and physical and mental disabilities. Domestic violence happens to anyone regardless of where you live, work and how smart you are; these do not matter to the person committing the acts of violence against you. Today, domestic violence goes by Intimate partner violence defined as actual or threatened physical or sexual violence or psychological/emotional abuse by a spouse, ex-spouse, boyfriend/girlfriend, ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend, or date (Meadows, 2014). There are other forms of domestic violence such as stalking and dating violence. Domestic violence just doesn’t occur to married couples,†¦show more content†¦Mandatory arrests for domestic violence do happen upon the arrival of law enforcement to a scene and every state has their own specific policy regarding this. There are a handful of states that have mandatory minimum sentencing for domestic violence, such as Illinois, Iowa and California to name a few (Battered Women’s Justice Project, 2014). Mandatory arrest deescalates violent situations and creates a level of accountability for abusive people. According to data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), in 2003 to 2012, domestic violence accounted for almost a quarter of all violent crimes committed. According to the same survey conducted, only 55% of those domestic violence crimes were reported to the police. Based on a study that was conducted on past domestic violence crimes, there was a decline of domestic violence from 1994-2003 but in recent years, depending on the type of intimate partner violence, each either had a small increase or stayed the same (Truman, 2014). The impact of victimization on family units, loved ones, ad society as a whole, not only affects them financially, mentally, physically but emotionally as well. A victim of a crime may be able to move on in life afterwards but the impact of thatShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence952 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic Violence is known as â€Å"Any abusive, violent, coercive, forceful, or threatening act or word inflicted by one member of a family or household on another can constitute domestic violence† (Clark, A. (2011)). Domestic violence has gone rapid in the homes of many families. Most people believe that whatever happens in a home should stay in the home. That idea is an issue when it comes to domestic violence. Not only is it an issue within the statement and household, it is also a social and distinctRead MoreAre Women Just as Violent as Men? Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesviolent as men. The pro side of the debate said yes women are just as violent as men, and the opposing side said men are more violent than women. In the yes side of the debate violence was described as physical and emotional assaults. As in violent acts carried out with the intention of causing another person physical pain or injury, no matter whether actual injury occurs, and any unjust, cruel act, or maltreatment of another human being. In the no side of the debate violence was just described asRead MoreThe Violence Of Domestic Violence954 Words   |  4 PagesCycle of Violence in Domestic Violence As stated by the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security, â€Å"domestic violence is defined as a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviors and tactics used by one person over another (by or to any household member) to gain power and control. This may include verbal abuse, financial abuse, emotional, sexual, and physical abuse.† (The Official Website of the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.) Domestic abuse frequently becomes more often andRead MoreMilitary Involvement Of The United States And Mexican Border1579 Words   |  7 PagesStates shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence. In our past history, The United States Customs and border officials have been focused on relatively common matters of enforcing laws regarding trade and immigration, watching over agriculture and economic interests from pest and disease, andRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized? 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Battering is a learn behavior you are accountable for your own actions and must face the serve consequences ahead. Many people believe that what is happening in there Read MoreHN370Unit9Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesSafePlace provides safety and healing for individuals and families affected by sexual and domestic violence through counseling and educational programs for youth and adults. They also provide services dedicated to the prevention of domestic violence and community advocacy. The pros of the services offered at this agency include the wide array of assistance offered and their prevention efforts. The only con that I noticed was little mention of the notice given to CPS if certain cases warrant theirRead MoreAbortion : Affirmative Position Debate Outline1642 Words   |  7 Pagesprolife advocates. Pro-choice advocates believe that it is a woman’s right to choose whether or not she wants to follow through with a pregnancy regardless of the circumstances. In some cases women find themselves in difficult socioeconomic, health or emotional situations and thereby abortions are necessary in order for them to live fulfilling lives. On the other hand, pro-life advocates suggest that there are other viable options than abortion, such as adoption. This is because pro-life advocates believeRead MorePosition Paper-Khadijah Shabazz1222 Words   |  5 Pagesour control (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). It is LEAP’s belief that by eliminating prohibition of all drugs for adults and establishing appropriate regulation and standards for distribution and use, law enforcement could focus more on crimes of vio lence, such as rape, aggravated assault, child abuse and murder, making our communities much safer (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). Another positive aspect of the legalization of drugs is financial gains. According to the International Business Times inRead MoreAlcohol Use and Crime? Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pageswhether there is a strong link between the use of alcohol and crime. Findings and statistics will also be used to present the Information. Laws and legislations put in place about the consumption of alcohol will also be presented including the pros and cons of alcohol along with a conclusion of my thoughts and beliefs in relation to the link between alcohol and crime. Alcohol reduces our ability to think straight, says Professor McMurran, a psychologist at the University of Nottingham.It narrows

Decision Support Systems For Aide - 932 Words

Today’s leaders have many choices when it comes to the use of decision support systems to aide in information reduction to make informed decisions. Of the many tools available, two in particular are useful in the presence of excessive information. The Pugh Matrix which can be used to consolidate information and show the relative difference in measurement criteria among different candidate choices. The decision tree is a useful tool for making decisions when there are layered decisions that must be made to reach a final result. The Pugh Matrix is a decision support system that uses a matrix like representation of the decision to be informed. It uses rows to represent the measurement criteria and columns to represent the candidate choices. â€Å"Although specifically developed by Stuart Pugh to help in selecting between a number of design alternatives, the tools has in recent years be used a general purpose decision making aid because of its ease of use.† [4] As described by Dr. Stuart Burge, in â€Å"The Systems Engineering Toolbox†, the development of a Pugh Matrix can be described in a six step process. With Step 1 being the identification and clear definition of the criteria for selection. While Dr. Burge recommends adding weighting to the criteria in step 6 when there is no clear winner, it is recommended that weighting criteria be established in this step to prevent the weights from being affected by the scoring of candidate choices. 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St. Jude is the first and only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center devoted solely to children. The Cancer Center supports five major interdisciplinary research programs that are organized with the specific intent of translating basic science discoveries into curative therapies for children with cancer, while minimizing long-term side effects. I would have to say thatRead MoreFamily Centered Care : A Belief That The Health Care Staff And The Family1010 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation to the patient and their family in order to facilitate decision making. Nurses must encourage and support the family’s decisions. We must recognize that each family is unique. We must acknowledge that emotional, developmental, and social support are important components of a patient’s health care. There are several approaches to family nursing to take into consideration. 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Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society

We are obliged to make sure that every child gets a healthy start in life. With all of our wealth and capacity, we just can’t stand by idly. Secretary of State Colin Powell, 2000 ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2 Class hile he was still in college, Tomas Juarez had decided he wanted to work with children from low-income families. He began his teaching career, however, in a culturally diverse suburban school. The school had been built only a few years before and included state-of-the-art science labs. Students were proficient with computers;†¦show more content†¦It also strongly supports the notion that one can be socially mobile and can move to a higher class by getting an education and working hard. Groups that have not yet achieved upper-middle-class status are viewed as inferior. The hardships faced by low-income families are blamed on their lack of middle-class values and behaviors. The individual is at fault for not moving up the class ladder—a phenomenon called blaming the victim. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 48 www.prenhall.com/gollnick Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 In the second view of U.S. society, distinct class divisions are recognized. Those individuals and families who own and control corporations, banks, and other means of production comprise the privileged upper class. The professional and managerial elite have not only accumulated wealth; they are also able to ensure that their needs are supported by legislative representatives whom they have elected (American Political Science Association, 2004). Persons who earn a living primarily by selling their labor make up other middle and working classes. Another class includes those persons who are unable to work or who can find work only sporadically. Although some individuals are able to move from one class level to another,Show MoreRelatedTop Ten Characteristics of a Multicultural School Environment980 Words   |  4 PagesTop Ten Characteristics Of A Multicultural School Environment Not all students are the same so they cannot be taught the same way. Their cultures and experiences the way they learn and respond to schooling. Several cultural factors affect the way students behave in a classroom. Each student is different because of physical and mental abilities, gender, ethnicity, race, language, religion, class, sexual orientation, and age (Gollnick and Chin, p.6). 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World view is based a person’s view of an person or society and their point of view. Cultural Pluralism. Cultural pluralism is where micro groups exist in the larger group or society they are a part of. They maintain theirRead More Paying Attention to Rural Education Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesfind creative solutions to these problems. Most importantly, teachers must be aware of how these problems affect our students lives both at home and at school. Because of it’s relatively small place in the entire American education system, the problems of rural education often go overlooked or generalized to fit the problems of urban and suburban environments. 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Gang Members A Truly Destructive Lifestyle - 1423 Words

A gang is an organized group of criminals who form together for a common goal or identity. Gangs can be formed based upon race, ethnicity, territory, or money making activities, and are generally made up of members varying anywhere between the age of 12 to 24. There are a variety of reasons behind the formation of gangs, whether it be for protection, profit, or because a group of people share a common trait. A gang rivalry is formed when two or more gangs grow to despise each other for their differences. Common divergences include race, gender, religion and social class. S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders is a novel that deeply examines the aspects of gang life portrayed by the rivalry between two fictional social classes known as the Greasers†¦show more content†¦Other members join because they live in the gang area and are, therefore, subject to violence by rival gangs. Some young people join a gang solely to survive, as joining a gang guarantees protection and retaliation against attacks from outside gangs, which gives members a feeling of security. (Delaney 96) Some youth are peer pressured and threatened into joining gangs, which leaves them no choice but to join the gang. Some youth that get involved in gangs have no idea what they are getting themselves into, and once they are in, they can never get out. They join a gang in order to feel love and acceptance, but are too ignorant to realize that they are being used in order to carry out the gang’s dirty work. If they are ordered to rob a grocery store, kill a rival gang member, or rape an innocent bystander, and refuse, they will be punished, brutally beaten, and often times murdered. If you attempt to leave a gang you could be jumped, your house could be invaded, or you could even get caught up in a drive by at any time. Your family’s lives are also at risk because even if you move and change your identity, they will seek after and kill your family if they are unable to find you. By joining a gang you are giving up your free will, and are putting your life as well as the lives of others in danger. I feel S.E. Hinton does a great job of portraying the harm that comes outShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Medias Influence on Teen Violence1884 Words   |  8 Pagesvideo games portray many of the activities practiced by gangs. Gang violence is also rising. It is no longer localized to inner cities, as it was twenty years ago. Every day more and more teenagers seeking a community or family are turning towards gangs. The Crips and the Bloods, originally started in 1970, now span over thirty- two states and 113 cities (teen-violence.com). There may be many reasons why a child would want to join a gang. 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The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development. Answer: Introduction: Development of heritage tourism has emerged as tool to bring about economic develop of historically important places. The paper would delve into one such place called Gayndah in Australia which would be developed by a non-profit organisation called Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. Organization: Organisation detail: The legal name of the organisation is Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. It is registered trading under Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation by nature is a non-profit organisation. The organisation provides various types of tourist entertainment and accommodation facilities in Gayndah (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The structure of the organisation is a private and non-profit making organisation. Business premises: The business premises of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation are located in Gayndah in Queensland, Australia. The various tourist attractions like Burnett River Rail Trail also pass through surrounding areas like Munduhberra. Organisational chart: The organisation chart of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation is as follows: Upper level management President: Takes the decisions Vice president: Assists the president in taking decisions. Middle level management: Secretary: Assists the president and the vice president Treasurer: Look after the financial aspects like pricing of the tourist packages Lower level management: Committee members: Executes the strategies of upper and lower level management. Product and services: The products and services of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation consist of tourist packages to enjoy the heritage of Gayndah. They consists of attractions like Gayndah Orange Festival and Historical Railway Bridges. The body also sells merchandize to tourists as tokens of remembrances (Gregori, Daniele Altinay, 2014). Future: Vision statement: The vision statement of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation (GHRRTI) is to promote the heritage of Gayndah. The body seeks to preserve the heritage of the place by the revenue that it would generate from tourist services. Mission statement: The mission statement of GHRRTI is to serve tourists by offering their services like railway trips in the town of Gayndah. The body would use the revenue generated to develop the town as a heritage tourist spot and bring about growth of its tourism industry (Kir?ov Pavl?eka, 2015). Strategies priorities: The priorities of the organisation are to bring about economic development of Gyandah and preserve its historical heritage. The Australian town experiences limited economic development and hence, developing it as a tourist spot would boost its economic development (Cuong, Dart Hockings, 2017). The long-term business strategies of GHRRTI are to develop Gayndah as one of the most sought tourist spots in Australia. The strategy of the body was to serve tourists and generate revenue to tourism industry of the town economically sustainable (Brilha, 2016). Goals/Objectives and Key Results areas: Goals: Develop the tourism of Gayndah Promote the heritage railway of the town. Generate revenue from tourism to make the town economically sustainable. Key Results areas: Revenue generation. Increase in the number of tourists visiting Gayndah per year. The Market: Market Research: The statistical research would be performed to analyse the market by studying the number of tourists visiting Gayndah prior to and after development of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. The local government would also be consulted to gain important statistical information like tourist visits (Arizpe, 2015). Mission targets: The sales targets would be selling a minimum of five tourist packages a day. The sales target would also consist of selling merchandise for additional revenue. The implementation schedule would consist of promoting the priority tourist packages of Gayndah and discount offers during suitable seasons to attract tourists and then contact tourists to sell tourist packages according to their preferences. Then these tourists would be sent the itinerary of visits along with the rates. The managers would then book the hotels after getting advancement payment and written confirmation from the tourists regarding their visits (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Environmental analysis: PESTLE analysis: Political: Stable economy of Australia. Government support to tourism industry Economic: Huge disposable income encourages people of Australia to visit heritage tourist spots. Financial support from financial institutions. Social: Growing concern in the Australian society promotes heritage spots. Technological: Australia is technologically developed. Social networking sites enable online promotion of tourist places. Legal: Australian law is very strict. Environment: The tourism business units like hotels should recycle wastes to minimise environmental pollution. SWOT: Strengths: Strong support from government. The heritage attribute would attract tourists. Weakness: Dependent on government and corporate sector for initial financial support. Opportunities: The body can spread its business to other towns and cities. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation can team up with banks for the booking process. Threats: Preservation of heritage sites is expensive. Pollution during historical site renovation work may attract criticism from residents and government actions. Customers: The target customers would be upper and middle class people with sufficient disposable income to afford expensive heritage tours. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would establish good relationship with customers by providing high quality services. The body would continuously keep in touch with customers and inform them on latest attractions. This would help the body attract customers and make them return to Gayndah (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Your competitors: The three competitors of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail are Destination Gold Coast, Tourism Leisure Corporation and Department of Tourism, Government of Australia which also offers heritage tourism packages (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would offer affordable tourism products and services to visitors of Gayndah which would allow it to attract more tourists compared to its competitors (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Advertising and Promotion: Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should advertise its tourist packages on the televisions, newspapers and travel magazines. It can also promote its services in trade fairs and seminars (So et al., 2016). Legislation, regulations and codes of practice: The body comes under the legislations, regulations and codes of practices laid down by Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15 and governing bodies like Department of Tourism, Government of Australia (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The finances: Sources of funds: Government aid, revenue from tourists and financial institutions. Other activities: Approach corporate bodies for financial support. Cost-benefit analysis: Category Details Costs in First Year Fixed cost Taxes, rent of office AUD 20000 Variable costs Electricity, stationary and salary of staffs AUD 100000 Other miscellaneous expenses CSR expenses AUD 50000 Total AUD 170000 Benefit Benefits within the first 12 months (in $) Generation of revenue AUD 1000000 Generation of employment AUD 100000 Economic development of town AUD 1000000 Total AUD 1100000 The above cost/benefit analysis justifies that it requires no further change in the initial phase. The management would incorporate the changes as and when necessary according to business needs. Implementation, Review and Monitoring: Review of plan: The plan would be reviewed once a year. Monitoring of implementation of plan and identification of business opportunities: The increase in profit generated would show success of implementation of plan and identification of future business opportunities. Reporting of financial and non-financial performance to stakeholders: The management would report the outcomes of financial and non-financial business plan to stakeholders on semi annually and yearly basis. Risk management: RISKS LIKELIHOOD CONSEQUENCE TREATMENT 1. Fire High Severe Arranging of fire extinguishing systems in all hotels and destinations 2. Natural calamity Low Very severe Timely reporting to local government rescue teams 3. Thefts High Financial loss CCTV cameras and stringent security checks 4. Vandalism low Financial ,loss, loss of artefacts Police protection 5. Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on High Inconvenience to injured and other tourists Medical aid, hospitals Likelihood CONSEQUENCE Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic Almost Certain Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on Likely Moderate Thefts Fire Unlikely Rare Vandalism Natural calamity Strategic planning: The heritage tourism business of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation identifies its current operations and business stands. It can be analysed and identified that the body needs to acquire funds from government in the initial stage and huge revenue as it expands its business. The business must achieve growth, expansion and maximisation of revenue generation. The accountable persons are the president who makes the strategic decisions, the vice-president who helps the president and the members who execute the strategies (So et al., 2016). The scheduled planned indicators would be increase in revenue generation and expansion of business achieved within the set timeframe of a year. Strategic planning methodologies: The strategic planning methodology would consist of formation of strategic based on the information gained from PEST and SWOT. The apex management should take into factors like political, situations and strengths like financial strengths while making strategies (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Sources of information: Internal source of information: Employees External source of information: Customers Techniques of developing organisational values: Training. Motivation Risk management strategies: Risk management strategies are important to intellectual property rights because the companies hold the IPRs of the products they manufacture. Thus, losing of IPR would also mean losing the products and causing business losses (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Business performance of key result indicators: Community awareness or branding-High Governance- Very high Quality-High Sales-High Workforce-High Triple bottom line (economic, environmental, socio-cultural)-Very high Profit and Loss- Medium Cooperative ventures with other firms: Companies must conduct their own SWOT analysis to know their strengths and weaknesses (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Key Stakeholders: Governments, customers, investors and employees Three benefits of external consultation: Professional expertise. High grade knowledge about market conditions. Information about strategies of other firms. Availability of labour: During implementation: By recruiting appropriate human resources. Training. Motivating Continuous training: Technical training Soft skill development training. Strengths and weaknesses of a business plan Strengths: Gives knowledge about resources including financial resources. Gives idea about business strategies. Weaknesses: Based on estimation and cannot be used to form strong strategies. Hardly gives any idea about future market changes (So et al., 2016). Conclusion: The discussion clearly shows that heritage tourism can help in generating revenue to bring about economic development of heritage places. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should receive financial support from government and body corporates. References: Arizpe, L. (2015). The intellectual history of culture and development institutions. InCulture, Diversity and Heritage: Major Studies(pp. 58-81). Springer International Publishing. Benur, A. M., Bramwell, B. (2015). Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations.Tourism Management,50, 213-224. Brilha, J. (2016). Inventory and quantitative assessment of geosites and geodiversity sites: a review.Geoheritage,8(2), 119-134. Cuong, C. V., Dart, P., Hockings, M. (2017). Using Enhancing our heritage toolkit for assessing management effectiveness of the Kien Giang Biosphere Reserve. Eid, R., El-Gohary, H. (2015). Muslim tourist perceived value in the hospitality and tourism industry.Journal of Travel Research,54(6), 774-787. Gregori, N., Daniele, R., Altinay, L. (2014). Affiliate marketing in tourism: Determinants of consumer trust.Journal of Travel Research,53(2), 196-210. Kavoura, A., Stavrianea, A. (2014). Economic and social aspects from social media's implementation as a strategic innovative marketing tool in the tourism industry.Procedia Economics and Finance,14, 303-312. Kir?ov, A., Pavl?eka, A. (2015). Development of social media strategies in tourism destination.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,175, 358-366. Our Vision | Gayndah Heritage Railway. (2018).Gayndahrailtrail.com. Retrieved 26 January 2018, from https://gayndahrailtrail.com/about-us/our-vision/ So, K. K. F., King, C., Sparks, B. A., Wang, Y. (2016). The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands.Journal of Travel Research,55(1), 64-78.

Communication Plan free essay sample

International Strategic Management amp; HRM, Module 9 Communication Plan Team 2 Skills Communication Plan Module 9 International Strategic Management and HRM Group 2 Authors: Moritz Schelges147192 Loy Nguyen Irina Popkov131482 Gerlof Veltman Michel Ruiz Name Project Supervisor: Mrs. Blokzijl Stenden University of Applied Sciences: International Business and Management Studies Leeuwarden, The Netherlands October, 2012 Contents 1. Background Analysis1 2. Target groups1 3. Communication goals1 4. Message1 5. Strategy amp; Tactics1 5. 1 Channels1 5. 2 Planning1 6. Budget1 1. Background Analysis Syngenta AG (referred to as Syngenta throughout this report) is a company originating from Switzerland, registered as a stock corporation that has issued registered shares to investors, and was formed in the year 2000, when the two companies Novartis and AstraZeneca merged. The main foci of Syngenta are the production and selling of seeds and chemicals to the agricultural sector. Moreover, the company is active in the biotechnological field and genomic research. The markets of this company are very large and diverse, since Syngenta is operating in around 90 countries worldwide. In order to manage those markets better and have a less diverse corporate portfolio, Syngenta has just recently implemented a new strategy. This current strategy consists of the following elements: * corporate level- growth * business level- â€Å"integrate, innovate, outperform†-differentiation, product leadership, product development, and customer intimacy * operational level- centralization Until now, the consultancy team has analyzed the company internally and externally in order to find out what the main problem is with the current strategy and whether it still fits the current developments in the internal and external environments. Using Porter’s Five Forces Framework, the PESTEL analysis, market segmentation, the 7-S analysis and so forth, this is the SWOT analysis that can be drawn up as a result: Strengths * Syngenta’s innovative character * global teams * technical expertise * united production amp; supply * Syngenta Business Services * less staff costs due to centralization * standardized processes * Soybean| Weaknesses * less flexibility due to Syngenta Business Services * centralization * products not properly usable for illiterate farmers| Opportunities * strong agricultural sector- grew by 4. % in 2012 * GM industry is on the rise * a lot of arable land available and not in use yet * most amount of water available in Brazil * low threat of entry, substitutes, amp; suppliers| Threats * criticism from the public about certain pesticides * differing international legal guidelines * competition * certain products are banned in the EU * Berne Declaration * networks against paraquat * high powe r of buyers| Taking the threats and weaknesses into account, the following GAPs become evident: The first GAP results from the centralized way of operating, differing legal guidelines and the competition Syngenta is facing. Currently, Syngenta operates in a very centralized manner. The opinion of local experts is very important and it is crucial to react to changes fast enough. Due to this centralized way of operating, decisions might have to be discussed in the headquarters first and then be reported back to the local experts. That takes time which might not be available in certain situations. In the desired situation, Syngenta is very flexible, able to react to changes in a fast way, be faster than its competitors, and due to more decision-making power in the particular business units, better use of local experts’ knowledge can be made. The second GAP is formed by the fact that illiterate farmers cannot properly use the highly dangerous products and there is a lot of criticism the company is facing from the public and networks like the Berne Declaration. In the current situation, these facts are damaging the reputation and decreasing customer loyalty and sales. In the desired situation, the products are safely applicable for everyone, leading to less criticism from the public, an improved reputation, more customers with a higher loyalty rate, and higher sales. By adding the aspect of product safety to the CSR values and developing a short video or audio tape containing instructions in the farmer’s native language on how to properly use the products, this gap can be overcome quite easily. The third GAP results from the threat that some products of Syngenta are banned in the EU. Currently, certain products of Syngenta have been banned in the EU market due to the high risk when working with these products. Results of this prohibition are losses in sales, a market share loss and again, reputation damages, leading to less customers and disbelief in the practices of Syngenta. The desired situation in this case is having proven that the chemicals are not harmful if used in a the correct way, publicize that there soon will be audio or video instructions to accompany the product, leading to easier and safer usage, an improved reputation and probably the regained bility to sell the products in the EU again. In turn, this will lead to a higher market share, an increase in sales, and customers. After taking the main problems, the SWOT analysis and the GAPs into account, the consultancy team came up with the following new strategy, which will mostly change on business and operational level and ideally, cover all three GAPS mentioned: The figure above visualizes the new strategy on all its levels. The corporate level strategy will stay GROWTH, as it still fits the current trends, which are leaning towards innovation in the technological and agricultural industry. The business level however needs to be changed, in order to overcome the competitors, as well as the critical voices around. The business level strategy should focus on operational excellence as well as one element of the old business level strategy which is product development in order to continue coming up with new and innovative products. This will ensure safer products for both, the farmers and the environment, lead to an improved reputation of Syngenta, and will consequently lead to more market share. Due to the centralization of the company decisions might take longer than they need to be. This can be crucial in some situations. Therefore, on the operational level the effect of the new, decentralized strategy should be a faster, more appropriate, and to the market tailored decisions taken by the experts of that particular market and region. A second effect, which will be created through more transparency and informing the farmers on how to handle the products correctly should be the increase of the human welfare. Through the innovation of new products, that are environmentally friendly, no human being or environment will be affected by any harm. This is something that will also have a positive effect on the critics, which are around the company and will regain a positive reputation and public image of Syngenta. The aspect of product safety will be included in the improved CSR practices of the company in order to further strengthen and improve its image. Product safety could be increased by e. g. including a DVD with audio or visual instructions for illiterate farmers in the developing countries to make sure the product is being used correctly and safely. 2. Target groups Syngenta is a large company active in over 90 countries worldwide, we are focusing on the Latin-American market more specific Brazil. Brazil is already one of the 90 countries Syngenta is active in and economically speaking, Brazil forms a very attractive agricultural market. The agricultural sector grew by 4. 9% in the second quarter of 2012 in contrast to a 2. 5% decline in industrial output (Biller, 2012), showing that there is a lot of confidence in the agricultural sector of Brazil and providing Syngenta with another opportunity. Furthermore Brazil is the country with the most amount of land available (over 400 hectares m) which can be used for agricultural purposes, but not only this. It is also one of the countries where only a small portion of that arable land is being used (see graph 1 below), leading to the conclusion that there is much more potential in that country and making it very attractive to Syngenta. However concerning the strategy change, The customers and other external stakeholders are not the ones whom are initially influenced. The strategy change is internal, that means the line managers and employees are most affected by the strategy change. The consultancy company came up with the new strategy in relation with the board of directors. The board of directors only has to approve the new strategy, they are not concerned with the execution of the new strategy. The middle management has to transfer the message of the board of directors to the line managers. The middle management is responsible for the monthly monitoring of the progress of the execution of the new strategy. The line managers in return have to convey the new strategy to the employees, which have to execute the new strategy. The operational level is accountable for the daily progress of the integration of the new strategy. Because it concerns an internal change of strategy the external stakeholders like the suppliers, environmental organizations, and customers are initially barely influenced by the changes. Therefore they are not the target group, in the first place. When the strategy is entirely implemented, the external stakeholders will benefit from the new strategy. . Communication goals As shown in the GAP- analysis mentioned in the first part of this report, We have came up with three gaps. The first one in the product safety, the second one is the improvement of the reputation and the third and most important one is the decentralization. The first gap is concerning product safety, in the past there has been a lot of criticism on Syngenta. Certain products are already banned in Euro pe, a lot of accidents happened with Syngenta products due to insufficient instructions. By improving the product safety with instructional videos, and special workshops on how to use the Syngenta products, Syngenta is aiming to reduce the accidents related to Syngenta products by 20 percent before the year 2015. Besides the reduction of the accidents, they also want to flourish on the European market which is the second gap. Therefore the ban should be removed, the goal of Syngenta is the operate fully on the European market before 2014. So every Product of Syngenta is allowed to be sold and used in all European countries. The final and most important gap is the decentralization. The opinion of local experts is very important and it is crucial to react to changes fast enough. Due to this centralized way of operating, decisions have to be discussed in the headquarters first and then be reported back to the local experts. That takes time which might not be available in certain situations. Therefore, it might be important and advantageous, to move to a less centralized strategy on the operational level and way of operating in order to be faster than competitors. Syngenta wants to become more decentralized before 2013 by giving the local experts more room to make their own decision. At the end of the year 2013 Syngenta will take a questionnaire amongst the local employees to see how they have experienced the decentralization, and what could have gone better. 4. Message The purpose of our business is to bring plant potential to life, using world-class science and our deep understanding of plants to help our customers feed a growing population (Syngenta AG, 2012). † Also, â€Å"our ambition is to help growers deliver greater food security to an increasingly crowded world in an environmentally sustainable way. That calls for a step change in productivity and resource efficiency – on both the world’s 5 million large farms and its 450 million smallholdings. Every farmer has a part to play (Syngenta AG, 2012, p. 11). † This combined mission statement shows that Syngenta’s customers are growers, whom they want to support by selling them a safe product which was developed with the use of â€Å"world-class science† and the company’s explicit knowledge of plants. Additionally, Syngenta’s products are supposed to help farmers feed a growing population in a sustainable way. The message Syngenta wants its employees to remember is similar to the mission statement, because eventually that is the core of the company. 5. Strategy amp; Tactics The initiative to investigate the current strategy and improve it, came from the consultancy team and neither the organization, nor the company itself. But as mentioned before, only about a year ago did the company implement a new strategy. Therefore, it can be assumed that the company is more than aware of the fact that a strategy needs to be improved from time to time in order to be able to continue growing and stay on a highly competitive level. The formal information about the changes that come with the new strategy will be spread in direct ways via several information meetings organized for the target groups that are affected by the change. This will be a short and powerful champagne on a formal basis, where the message is more important than the relation. Emotional information, giving inside on the company’s passion for what can be achieved for farmers and growers will be spread indirectly, meaning during events that will take place several times on different topics and can be attended on a voluntary basis. Here, the message and the relation are important in order to be able to motivate employees to represent Syngenta’s strategy but also understand the importance of them as the workforce to reach operational excellence as a company. Due to the fact that these are going to be a series of different events, they will be targeted at the whole target group and more than one type of media is necessary to be used. Two main goals will be in the center of the new strategy: reaching operational excellence and becoming less centralized, thus, empowering certain business units and its employees. Further aspects of tactics, such as the different channels and media used and the detailed planning are provided in chapters 5. 1 and 5. 2. 5. 1 Channels There will be different types of channels used in order to successfully imply the importance of understanding the new strategy, to positively motivate the employees, and bring the new strategy of the company across. The media types that will be used are: * Audio visual (power point presentations, and video presentations) * Mass media (leaflets, fliers, and handbooks) interpersonal media (e-mails) * Events * Networks and electronic media The presentations will be done in big groups, it will be held as an informational conference and a way of giving some extra training in the area of improvement of the strategy in order to successfully implement the strategy. The presentations will be held in interesting ways, with e. g. video material and not only speeches in order to not bore the employees, because it is crucial for the success of t he new company that the new strategy is properly understood. The tool of mass media will be a helping tool to better inform about the plans and ideas of the strategy. Also, this is for information which is simple and self-explanatory, in order not to have to hold conferences every time for little changes. The printed information is also handy for when the information is forgotten or to refresh the mind on what it is all about. The advantage of using mass media to spread information which can be easily understood is that a big group of people can be informed while spending little money on it. In Syngenta’s case, the leaflets etc. will be spread on the operational level to staff which is e. g. in the production process due to the fact that they also need to be informed about changes in the strategy and goals of the company. Interpersonal media such as emails will be used to inform the middle management about e. g. conferences, events, meetings and personal updates. Events will take place in order to increase the loyalty of the staff, motivate the staff and help them understand what Syngenta’s passion and goals are. These events will take place several times in order to increase the bond amongst the staff members and also to repeat the mission and objectives of the company to keep it present in the minds of the employees. Networks and electronic media will also be used for short and easily understandable information and updates. For this, the company’s e. g. Facebook and Twitter accounts will be used in order to reach internal and external stakeholders. Electronic media such as the internal database of the company will be used to publish this information for employees only. . 2 Planning In order to distribute the information and knowledge of the improved strategy, a planning of how it will be organized has to be made. First of all, the conferences have to be prepared and knowledge of these conferences has to be provided to the target groups. An invitation will be send out by the company to targeted groups right after the new strategy has been accepted by the board of directors of Syngenta , inviting employees to join the event. To make the events more attractive together with printed information, some samples will be handed out to the people that attend. Also, to make those events more active there will be demonstrations on how to correctly use the products and also what actions to take in case of an emergency with the chemicals. For these events, all the printed information has to be printed, samples have to be packaged and information packages for the attendees have to be prepared. The preparations of the demonstrations have to be done in order for the demonstrations to go smoothly. Employees have to be prepared for the different tasks that have to be done for the events and therefore, informed via networks or emails. Emails to the middle management have to be sent out right away as well, so that they know about how to instruct those employees organizing the events and conferences. They are also the ones who need to be informed first about the content of the flyers and other printed media so they can instruct the responsible employees in order to start preparing those leaflets and so on. All these processes need to be picked up right after the strategy was accepted and the need to run simultaneously in order to have the information present in all channels and basically, surround the employees continuously. Planning and preparations of the events are necessary in order for them to run smoothly and with an attendance of the invited target groups it will be successful. 6. Budget How they communicated their new strategy to their employees in 2011: â€Å"Bringing the strategy to life. In 2011, we enabled our employees to learn more about the new strategy while deepening their understanding of the grower’s world. One example of this is the crop demonstration day events where leaders from each of our crop teams share with employees their knowledge, insights and personal passion for what Syngenta can achieve with growers. More than 1,700 employees have attended demonstration day events since July 2011. Through 2012, demonstration day events will be held in each territory. Employees are also encouraged to complete an interactive e-learning agronomy program, which covers the challenges and decisions growers face before, on and after the farm. † page 35 of the annual report 2011 =not a one time thing used several events to raise awareness etc.