Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Happily Never After Traditional vs. True Happiness in Lives of Girls and Women - Literature Essay Samples

The myth of â€Å"happily ever after† has pervaded Western culture for centuries. Nearly all of our fairy tales and bedtime stories conclude with the hero and his beautiful bride riding off into the sunset. Because of these stories, the idea that marriage is the final goal in life and the source of all happiness is held intact. This is especially true in the case of literature involving female protagonists. In the words of Carol L. Bean, â€Å"the traditional conventions of the genre of fiction – whether popular or elite – have taken finding true love (with marriage as its signifier and happiness as its inevitable reward) as the major goal of women’s quests.† (Bean 330) It is this concept that Alice Munro so passionately battles in her fiction. While laden with themes of religion, sex, and other heavy topics, Lives of Girls and Women serves as a testament to Monroe’s belief that marriage does not equal happiness.We see in Lives of Girls and Women that the world of Del Jordan has already been tainted with an â€Å"Angel in the House† mentality. In fact, Munro gives us Del’s own view of and longing for the conventional fairy tale. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Del finds out that this year’s operetta will be The Pied Piper, and finds herself â€Å"disappointed, thinking there would be no court scenes, no ladies in waiting, no beautiful clothes.† (Munro 138) Not only is the young Del enamored with the idea of fairy-tale romance, she also wishes for her real life to reflect the conventions set forth by â€Å"happily ever after† fiction. When listening to tales of her mother’s life, Del is anxious to hear of her parents’ marriage in the way that tradition has taught her to expect it: â€Å"Now I expected as in all momentous satisfying stories – the burst of Glory, the Reward. Marriage to my father? I hoped that was it. I wished she would leave me in no doubt about it.† (Munro 89) While the preservation of naivety is certainly an aspect of traditional views on happiness, Munro opens our eyes to another, perhaps even more dangerous, side of these concepts. In an attempt to perpetuate the importance of marriage in our society, many people resort to scare tactics. These people mislead their children into believing that any attempt to build happiness without marriage can have disastrous consequences. In â€Å"Changes and Ceremonies,† Naomi, working from the teachings of her mother, informs Del about the consequences of having children out of wedlock: â€Å"if a girl has to get married, she either dies having [the child], or nearly dies, or else there is something the matter with it. Either a harelip of clubfoot or it isn’t right in the head. My mother has seen it.† (Munro 132)Whether women fear the mutilation of their unborn children or, simply because they are raised to be ignorant of untraditiona l happiness, they succumb to the idea of marriage and family as life’s final reward. Such is the case with many of the women in Del Jordan’s life. Through these women, Munro shows us how detrimental it can be to view marriage as the sole source of happiness. Early on in Lives of Girls and Women Munro gives us the image of Aunt Moira, a woman broken and decayed by traditional female constraints: â€Å"it seemed that the gloom spreading out from Aunt Moira had a gynecological odor, like that of the fuzzy, rubberized bandages on her legs. She was a woman I would recognize now as a likely sufferer from varicose veins, hemorrhoids, a dropped womb, cysted ovaries, inflammations, discharges, lumps and stones in various places, one of those heavy, cautiously moving, wrecked survivors of the female life, with stories to tell.† (Munro 47) In contrast to this decaying victim of tradition, Munro gives us Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace. Although they seem to live for Un cle Craig, these two women have been spared from the trials of marriage and motherhood. In Del’s eyes, †Not much could be said for marriage, really, if you compared [Aunt Moira] with her sisters, who could still jump up so quickly, who still smelled fresh and healthy, and who would occasionally, deprecatingly, mention the measurement of their waists. Even getting up or sitting down, moving in the rocker, Aunt Moira gave off rumbles of complaint, involuntary and eloquent as noises of digestion and wind.† (Munro 47-8)As depressing and horrifying as these warnings of physical damage might be, they are merely symptoms of a deeper mental damage. Monroe’s writing is full of stories of inhibited ambition. One of the most striking aspects of this constraint is society’s unwillingness to educate females. In the world depicted in Lives of Girls and Women, the desire for knowledge is viewed as â€Å"a habit to be abandoned when the seriousness and satisfac tions of adult life took over.† (Munro 131) Del’s mother had to educate herself out of used textbooks, waiting for her chance to run away to high school. (Munro 87) Indeed, in much of Munro’s fiction, â€Å"self-education through books becomes indicative of an experientially and imaginatively empowering quest.† (Stich 125) Once marriage and family came into the picture, women were meant to be content with what they had. A thirst for knowledge would be seen as frivolous and extravagant. Munro shows us how society upholds this notion of the traditional woman in other stories as well. In â€Å"Meneseteung,† from the collection Friend of my Youth, Munro writes about a woman who forgoes marriage to write poetry without â€Å"the distractions of housewifery.† (Hedin 594-95) After the death of Amelda, the story’s poet, â€Å"the Vidette publishes a thinly patronizing obituary, which acknowledges her ‘sensitive, eloquent verseâ⠂¬â„¢ but is quick to atone for it by noting ‘her labours in former days in the Sunday school’ and ‘noble womanly nature.’† (Hedin 595) We see here that even when a woman manages to break the mold, society continues to try to confine her within the constraints of traditional female roles: those of the wife, the teacher, and the spiritual guide.The constraints of these traditional female roles rob Munro’s characters of their values and desires. Addie, Del’s mother, was once a proud young woman who defied societal norms in order to continue her education. She tossed away traditional religion in favor of her own system of beliefs and values. As Del listens to stories of her mother’s better days, she remarks, â€Å"Oh, if there could be a moment out of time, a moment we could choose to be judged, naked as can be, beleaguered, triumphant, then that would have to be the moment for her. Later on comes compromise and error, perhaps; there, she is absurd and unassailable.† (Munro 87) And compromise did indeed come in time. Addie is not allowed to continue to college and, in the end, her only intellectual pursuit comes in the form of selling encyclopedias. Her defiant views on religion give way to the more traditional views of her husband. As Del tells us, â€Å"We belonged – at least my father and my father’s family belonged – to the United church in Jubilee, and my brother Owen and I had both been baptized there when we were babies, which showed a surprising weakness or generosity on my mother’s part; perhaps childbirth mellowed and confused her.† (Munro 103-4)It is this compromise that forms a divide between Del and her mother. Viewed once with reverence, Addie is now seen by her daughter as washed out. In fact, Addie begins to give in to traditional ideas about female life. In â€Å"Lives of Girls and Women,† Addie gives Del, who is still fairly young, a picture to save for her children. Del, knowing about her mother’s past defiance of these ideas, reacts with surprise, â€Å"Her speaking of my children amazed me too, for I never planned to have any. It was glory I was after, walking the streets of Jubilee like an exile or spy, not sure from which direction fame would strike, or when, only convinced that it had to. In this conviction my mother had shared, she had been my ally, but now I would no longer discuss it with her; she was indiscreet and her expectations took too blatant a form.† (Munro 158) Even at this young age, Del recognizes how hindering traditional life can be, and feels betrayed by her mother’s acceptance of it.However, Munro is not warning women against getting married or having families. Munro herself is married. The danger Munro shows women through her writing is in defining oneself as a mother or wife. She does not believe that women should not desire families husbands, or male compan ionship, simply that those things should not be a woman’s only desire. Munro shows us what happens when women live solely for others. After the death of Uncle Craig, Aunt Elspeth and Auntie Grace, who lived to support the man and all his efforts, begin to whither. Their jokes and routines became stale and artificial. As Del describes it, â€Å"This was what became of them when they no longer had a man with them, to nourish and admire, and when they were removed from the place where their artificiality bloomed naturally.†(Munro 68)Even Del, so proud, defiant, and independent, nearly succumbs to the traditional constraints of womanhood. After her marriage to Garnet French, Del almost lets herself be baptized into a religion in which she does not believe. Not only would Del betray herself through this act, but she would be allowing Garnet to â€Å"consecrate his sense of ownership† over her. (Stich 128) Fortunately, Del sees her mistake before she allows it to become her life and â€Å"Walking out of the river away from her would-be baptizer, she ‘cut through the cemetery’ and, entering Jubilee, ‘repossessed the world’ as well as ‘my own self.’† (Stich 128)Through Lives of Girls and Women and other writings, Alice Munro shows us the dangers of succumbing to societal norms. While the values held by society can certainly help enrich life, a life defined by them is pointless and unsatisfying. Munro shows us that we must defy whatever conventions stand in the way of our own true happiness, no matter what we must leave behind to do so. Works CitedBean, Carol L. The Pursuit of Happiness: A Study of Alice Munros Fiction. The Social Science Journal 37.3 (2000): 329-345.Hedin, Benjamin. Alice Munro: Scraping the Dirt off Gravestones. Gettysburg Review 20.4 ( Winter 2007): 593-600.Stich, Klaus P. â€Å"Monro’s Grail Quest: the Progress of Logos.†Studies in Canadian Literature. 32.1(20 07): 120-140

Monday, May 18, 2020

The Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence - 794 Words

Domestic violence happens every day and it includes people of all races, ethnicities, color, religions, rich or poor, old or young, man or woman and physical and mental disabilities. Domestic violence happens to anyone regardless of where you live, work and how smart you are; these do not matter to the person committing the acts of violence against you. Today, domestic violence goes by Intimate partner violence defined as actual or threatened physical or sexual violence or psychological/emotional abuse by a spouse, ex-spouse, boyfriend/girlfriend, ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend, or date (Meadows, 2014). There are other forms of domestic violence such as stalking and dating violence. Domestic violence just doesn’t occur to married couples,†¦show more content†¦Mandatory arrests for domestic violence do happen upon the arrival of law enforcement to a scene and every state has their own specific policy regarding this. There are a handful of states that have mandatory minimum sentencing for domestic violence, such as Illinois, Iowa and California to name a few (Battered Women’s Justice Project, 2014). Mandatory arrest deescalates violent situations and creates a level of accountability for abusive people. According to data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), in 2003 to 2012, domestic violence accounted for almost a quarter of all violent crimes committed. According to the same survey conducted, only 55% of those domestic violence crimes were reported to the police. Based on a study that was conducted on past domestic violence crimes, there was a decline of domestic violence from 1994-2003 but in recent years, depending on the type of intimate partner violence, each either had a small increase or stayed the same (Truman, 2014). The impact of victimization on family units, loved ones, ad society as a whole, not only affects them financially, mentally, physically but emotionally as well. A victim of a crime may be able to move on in life afterwards but the impact of thatShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Domestic Violence952 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic Violence is known as â€Å"Any abusive, violent, coercive, forceful, or threatening act or word inflicted by one member of a family or household on another can constitute domestic violence† (Clark, A. (2011)). Domestic violence has gone rapid in the homes of many families. Most people believe that whatever happens in a home should stay in the home. That idea is an issue when it comes to domestic violence. Not only is it an issue within the statement and household, it is also a social and distinctRead MoreAre Women Just as Violent as Men? Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesviolent as men. The pro side of the debate said yes women are just as violent as men, and the opposing side said men are more violent than women. In the yes side of the debate violence was described as physical and emotional assaults. As in violent acts carried out with the intention of causing another person physical pain or injury, no matter whether actual injury occurs, and any unjust, cruel act, or maltreatment of another human being. In the no side of the debate violence was just described asRead MoreThe Violence Of Domestic Violence954 Words   |  4 PagesCycle of Violence in Domestic Violence As stated by the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security, â€Å"domestic violence is defined as a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviors and tactics used by one person over another (by or to any household member) to gain power and control. This may include verbal abuse, financial abuse, emotional, sexual, and physical abuse.† (The Official Website of the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.) Domestic abuse frequently becomes more often andRead MoreMilitary Involvement Of The United States And Mexican Border1579 Words   |  7 PagesStates shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence. In our past history, The United States Customs and border officials have been focused on relatively common matters of enforcing laws regarding trade and immigration, watching over agriculture and economic interests from pest and disease, andRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized? Essay example858 Words   |  4 PagesLegalizing prostitution would be beneficial to the government and sex workers by creating tax revenue, bettering medical care, and protecting prostitutes against violence. Prostitution is viewed differently throughout society and holds a lot of negative opinions but no one really discuss’ the benefits of prostitution being legalized throughout America. Many people believe in legalizing Marijuana not knowing its positivity and negativity. When legalizing prostitution you should look at the overallRead MoreArresting Batterers is Not The Solution Essays820 Words   |  4 PagesArresting Batterers is Not The Solution Does arresting batterers do more harm than good? For this debate my side is the con and I will give ideas and support to their views. Before I get started I just want to say that I don’t condone husbands beating their wives at all, and many others feel the same way. Battering is a learn behavior you are accountable for your own actions and must face the serve consequences ahead. Many people believe that what is happening in there Read MoreHN370Unit9Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesSafePlace provides safety and healing for individuals and families affected by sexual and domestic violence through counseling and educational programs for youth and adults. They also provide services dedicated to the prevention of domestic violence and community advocacy. The pros of the services offered at this agency include the wide array of assistance offered and their prevention efforts. The only con that I noticed was little mention of the notice given to CPS if certain cases warrant theirRead MoreAbortion : Affirmative Position Debate Outline1642 Words   |  7 Pagesprolife advocates. Pro-choice advocates believe that it is a woman’s right to choose whether or not she wants to follow through with a pregnancy regardless of the circumstances. In some cases women find themselves in difficult socioeconomic, health or emotional situations and thereby abortions are necessary in order for them to live fulfilling lives. On the other hand, pro-life advocates suggest that there are other viable options than abortion, such as adoption. This is because pro-life advocates believeRead MorePosition Paper-Khadijah Shabazz1222 Words   |  5 Pagesour control (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). It is LEAP’s belief that by eliminating prohibition of all drugs for adults and establishing appropriate regulation and standards for distribution and use, law enforcement could focus more on crimes of vio lence, such as rape, aggravated assault, child abuse and murder, making our communities much safer (Why Legalize Drugs? | LEAP). Another positive aspect of the legalization of drugs is financial gains. According to the International Business Times inRead MoreAlcohol Use and Crime? Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pageswhether there is a strong link between the use of alcohol and crime. Findings and statistics will also be used to present the Information. Laws and legislations put in place about the consumption of alcohol will also be presented including the pros and cons of alcohol along with a conclusion of my thoughts and beliefs in relation to the link between alcohol and crime. Alcohol reduces our ability to think straight, says Professor McMurran, a psychologist at the University of Nottingham.It narrows

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Decision Support Systems For Aide - 932 Words

Today’s leaders have many choices when it comes to the use of decision support systems to aide in information reduction to make informed decisions. Of the many tools available, two in particular are useful in the presence of excessive information. The Pugh Matrix which can be used to consolidate information and show the relative difference in measurement criteria among different candidate choices. The decision tree is a useful tool for making decisions when there are layered decisions that must be made to reach a final result. The Pugh Matrix is a decision support system that uses a matrix like representation of the decision to be informed. It uses rows to represent the measurement criteria and columns to represent the candidate choices. â€Å"Although specifically developed by Stuart Pugh to help in selecting between a number of design alternatives, the tools has in recent years be used a general purpose decision making aid because of its ease of use.† [4] As described by Dr. Stuart Burge, in â€Å"The Systems Engineering Toolbox†, the development of a Pugh Matrix can be described in a six step process. With Step 1 being the identification and clear definition of the criteria for selection. While Dr. Burge recommends adding weighting to the criteria in step 6 when there is no clear winner, it is recommended that weighting criteria be established in this step to prevent the weights from being affected by the scoring of candidate choices. Step 2 is the selection of one candidate choiceShow Mor eRelatedPhysical Therapy Is An Internationally Acknowledged Health Profession1024 Words   |  5 Pagesabout working within the health care system to maximize resources. In accordance with American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), scope of physical therapy practice includes interventions performed by them. Duty of the physical therapist also includes immediate referral whenever required, patient/ client assessment, diagnoses, prognosis and treatment. Physical therapy providers employ a variety of staff to assist in clinical operations and patient management. Support personnel is a generic term thatRead MoreAdoption Statistics : National Adoption1265 Words   |  6 PagesFoster Care†). Out of all those children in the foster care system about â€Å"114,556 of these children are available for adoption†, which means the biological parents’ rights have been legally terminated through the court system (â€Å"Adoption Statistics: National Adoption Month†). That is an immense number of children who do not get to have the same bond and love that a biological child would get from their own parents. The foster care system in Arizona is in crisis, and â€Å"government, agencies, organizationRead MoreAdoption Statistics : National Adoption1283 Words   |  6 PagesCare†). Out of all those children in the foster care system about â€Å"114,556 of these children are available for adoption†, which mean s the biological parents’ rights have been legally terminated through the court system (â€Å"Adoption Statistics: National Adoption Month†). That is an immense number of children who end up not being able to have the same bond and love that a biological child would receive from their own parents. The foster care system in Arizona is in crisis, and â€Å"government, agencies, organizationRead MoreHealth Care Careers Diagram and Summary1223 Words   |  5 Pagesdischarge. With the help of a home health aide one can receive complete, cost-effective, quality care services within the comfort of one’s own home.   The subjects addressed in this paper are few services and products offered from a home health aide, the workforce roles of the services, and how the workforce roles impact a health care organization. In closing, figure 1-1 will display the focal point of a home health aide. Home Health Aide Home health aides help provide services to chronically illRead MoreThe Mayo Clinic Cancer Center1090 Words   |  5 Pagestime I see the give to St. Jude’s link, because its finding cures and saving the lives of many children. St. Jude is the first and only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center devoted solely to children. The Cancer Center supports five major interdisciplinary research programs that are organized with the specific intent of translating basic science discoveries into curative therapies for children with cancer, while minimizing long-term side effects. I would have to say thatRead MoreFamily Centered Care : A Belief That The Health Care Staff And The Family1010 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation to the patient and their family in order to facilitate decision making. Nurses must encourage and support the family’s decisions. We must recognize that each family is unique. We must acknowledge that emotional, developmental, and social support are important components of a patient’s health care. There are several approaches to family nursing to take into consideration. These are: Family as Context, Family as Client, Family and System, and Family as Component of Society Kaakinen, Coehlo, SteeleRead MoreInclusion of Students with Learning Disabilities Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pages2002). The issue of inclusion is heavily debated and has many different supporters and opponents; some advocate full inclusion while others only support mainstreaming, the partial inclusion of students, while still others oppose the idea altogether. Parents, teachers, and students, judging by their own experience with the program, have made their own decisions about whether inclusion is beneficial or detrimental. Many believe that inclusion is advantageous for children with disabilities and inclusiveRead MoreFamily Centered Care : A Belief That The Health Care Staff And The Family1341 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation to the patient and their family in order to facilitate decision making. Nurses need to encourage and support the family’s decisions. We must recognize that each family is unique. We must acknowledge that emotional, developmental, and social support are important components of a patient’s health care. There are several approaches to family nursing to take into consideration. These are: Family as Context, Family as Client, Family as System, and Family as Component of Society (Kaakinen, Coehlo, SteeleRead MorePersonal Statement On Personal Hygiene1548 Words   |  7 Pagesaccomplish the goals she has set. With those goals selected, the client and I were able to come up with ways that would benefit her a great deal. Leah’s concern was that she would not be able to accomplish her goals. I told her that she has a great support system who is here to help her, and we will do whatever it takes to help her accomplish her goals. Evidence-Based Practice Model: Leah’s biggest issue is her lack of confidence and self-esteem. This is a problem because in order for her to accomplishRead More Cash Grants Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pagesto help motivate people to participate in the program, specifically mothers. Mothers’ were usually the caretakers of the children and the household; therefore, the program directed the cash grants to support the mothers in their decision and their responsibility towards the program. This decision was based on research conducted by social science analysis, which proved to have worked. According to the research, mothers tend to invest in their children’s education, healthcare and nutritional needs

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society

We are obliged to make sure that every child gets a healthy start in life. With all of our wealth and capacity, we just can’t stand by idly. Secretary of State Colin Powell, 2000 ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2 Class hile he was still in college, Tomas Juarez had decided he wanted to work with children from low-income families. He began his teaching career, however, in a culturally diverse suburban school. The school had been built only a few years before and included state-of-the-art science labs. Students were proficient with computers;†¦show more content†¦It also strongly supports the notion that one can be socially mobile and can move to a higher class by getting an education and working hard. Groups that have not yet achieved upper-middle-class status are viewed as inferior. The hardships faced by low-income families are blamed on their lack of middle-class values and behaviors. The individual is at fault for not moving up the class ladder—a phenomenon called blaming the victim. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 48 www.prenhall.com/gollnick Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, Seventh Edition, by Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn. Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN: 0-536-29978-1 In the second view of U.S. society, distinct class divisions are recognized. Those individuals and families who own and control corporations, banks, and other means of production comprise the privileged upper class. The professional and managerial elite have not only accumulated wealth; they are also able to ensure that their needs are supported by legislative representatives whom they have elected (American Political Science Association, 2004). Persons who earn a living primarily by selling their labor make up other middle and working classes. Another class includes those persons who are unable to work or who can find work only sporadically. Although some individuals are able to move from one class level to another,Show MoreRelatedTop Ten Characteristics of a Multicultural School Environment980 Words   |  4 PagesTop Ten Characteristics Of A Multicultural School Environment Not all students are the same so they cannot be taught the same way. Their cultures and experiences the way they learn and respond to schooling. Several cultural factors affect the way students behave in a classroom. Each student is different because of physical and mental abilities, gender, ethnicity, race, language, religion, class, sexual orientation, and age (Gollnick and Chin, p.6). Multicultural school has different characteristicsRead MoreQuestions and Answers on Leadership1168 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen and continues to be an issue in the public school setting. What can I do as a leader to enhance diversity in my school and what can I do to make the climate more multicultural? Those are questions that must be addressed and answered. As Koppelman (2014) states, â€Å"The challenge confronting us today is how to become multicultural individuals. In the teaching profession, that question will be answered by white-middle class individuals- primarily women† (p. 337). He is right. If the issue ofRead MoreEducation Article Critique Essay example1097 Words   |  5 Pagesthat she thinks that social systems need to be redesigned. I am a white female so I was able to place myself in the author’s shoes. I grew up in an upper middle class neighborhood went to a good school and I think my school was taught with a multicultural curriculum. I was culturally aware of everyone around me and of the world outside of school. I also was surrounded by all different ethnic backgrounds. I do not think there is a privilege for being white. When applying for scholarships uponRead MoreMulticultural Class And Socioeconomic Status1417 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, the United States is comprised of almost 300 different ethnic groups (46). These groups, which make up the population of the United States, are all educated in some way shape or form in American school systems across the country. Educators have to create their instruction in such a way to be inclusive toward all these groups, especially in very diverse areas. By teaching about different cultures to the class they can have a better understandingRead MoreCulture, Gender And Education1228 Words   |  5 Pages Culture, Gender and Education Name Institution Chapter Five Diversity of sexual orientations The most important These terms differ in every context they are applied. The terms include homosexual, lesbians, heterosexual, gay, bisexual, queer and transgender. Some of the youths who do not like those terms are developing their own terms to fit into situation (McIntyre Tong, 1998). Numerous people are heterosexual also known as straight which entails sexually attracted to member of oppositeRead MoreMulticulturalism, Cultural, And Cultural Culture810 Words   |  4 Pagesmovement to ensure all members of a pluralistic society are reflected in the organization or school. Cultural. Cultural refers to the shared beliefs, behaviors, and values by a human group. Race. Race relates to the physical characteristics of a person. World View. World view is based a person’s view of an person or society and their point of view. Cultural Pluralism. Cultural pluralism is where micro groups exist in the larger group or society they are a part of. They maintain theirRead More Paying Attention to Rural Education Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesfind creative solutions to these problems. Most importantly, teachers must be aware of how these problems affect our students lives both at home and at school. Because of it’s relatively small place in the entire American education system, the problems of rural education often go overlooked or generalized to fit the problems of urban and suburban environments. The author makes a point of noting that rural schools are not â€Å"urban or suburban schools, only set in remote locations,† ( 19 McArdle)Read MoreMulticultural Recruitment At Messiah College816 Words   |  4 PagesHaving served in higher education the past three years, I have grown in my appreciation for the complexities of colleges and universities. Specifically, I am fascinated by how institutions value diversity within their student population and among their employees. Over the past two years colleges and universities have had to confront their racist past to understand their student population. Christian higher education has not been immune to this soul searching. Christian institutions must recognizeRead MoreEquality in College Population675 Words   |  3 PagesNot only in my formal education and career history, but also my personal life has been committed to exploring solutions to problems created within dynamics of multiculturalism, identity and social injustice. This is why I know the Multicultural Academic Advisor position is the perfect next professional step growing my career in student services and deepening my commitment of upholding my fraternal credo to uplift through enlightenment education. My undergraduate education consisted of a combinedRead MoreHigher Education For International Students998 Words   |  4 PagesHigher education in the UK has probably become one of the most popular choices for international students. The study devoted into the experiences of the international students report that the phenomenon of culture shock as a part of challenges could be troubling them (UKCISA, 2008). Whereas, the students who come from developing countries responded that the higher education in the UK would extend work field as well as the effect of social cognition (Mazzarol and Soutar, 2002). Hence, it will be

Gang Members A Truly Destructive Lifestyle - 1423 Words

A gang is an organized group of criminals who form together for a common goal or identity. Gangs can be formed based upon race, ethnicity, territory, or money making activities, and are generally made up of members varying anywhere between the age of 12 to 24. There are a variety of reasons behind the formation of gangs, whether it be for protection, profit, or because a group of people share a common trait. A gang rivalry is formed when two or more gangs grow to despise each other for their differences. Common divergences include race, gender, religion and social class. S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders is a novel that deeply examines the aspects of gang life portrayed by the rivalry between two fictional social classes known as the Greasers†¦show more content†¦Other members join because they live in the gang area and are, therefore, subject to violence by rival gangs. Some young people join a gang solely to survive, as joining a gang guarantees protection and retaliation against attacks from outside gangs, which gives members a feeling of security. (Delaney 96) Some youth are peer pressured and threatened into joining gangs, which leaves them no choice but to join the gang. Some youth that get involved in gangs have no idea what they are getting themselves into, and once they are in, they can never get out. They join a gang in order to feel love and acceptance, but are too ignorant to realize that they are being used in order to carry out the gang’s dirty work. If they are ordered to rob a grocery store, kill a rival gang member, or rape an innocent bystander, and refuse, they will be punished, brutally beaten, and often times murdered. If you attempt to leave a gang you could be jumped, your house could be invaded, or you could even get caught up in a drive by at any time. Your family’s lives are also at risk because even if you move and change your identity, they will seek after and kill your family if they are unable to find you. By joining a gang you are giving up your free will, and are putting your life as well as the lives of others in danger. I feel S.E. Hinton does a great job of portraying the harm that comes outShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Medias Influence on Teen Violence1884 Words   |  8 Pagesvideo games portray many of the activities practiced by gangs. Gang violence is also rising. It is no longer localized to inner cities, as it was twenty years ago. Every day more and more teenagers seeking a community or family are turning towards gangs. The Crips and the Bloods, originally started in 1970, now span over thirty- two states and 113 cities (teen-violence.com). There may be many reasons why a child would want to join a gang. Most of them come from broken families and are lookingRead More The Effects of Media Violence on Children Essay3371 Words   |  14 Pagesshootings that have occurred worldwide in the twenty-first century, violence is rapidly becoming more prevalent and more recognizable in youth culture. That being said, shootings are not the only source of violence in the new youth generation. Fighting, gang activity, and other organized violence is quickly increasing in number and severity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most intimidating factor of this massive increase in violent behavior is that nobody really knows why it is happening. Youths are simply becomingRead MoreEFFECT OF PEER PRESSURE OF STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL5933 Words   |  24 Pagesto peer pressures, such as behaviors usually reserved for those of a greater maturity and understanding. 2.0.1 WHAT IS PEER PRESSURE? Peer pressure is the phenomenon wherein we tend to get influenced by the lifestyles and the ways of thinking of our peers. Peer pressure is when members or friends of the same age group try to influence or talk you in to doing things that you do not do. Many people give in to peer pressure because they want to be accepted with their friends. Peer pressure is notRead MoreEssay on Religious Justifications of Slavery in the Caribbean3525 Words   |  15 Pagesand grossly illuminates the corruption of Christianity at the hands of the planters. During slavery many families were separated: fathers, mothers and children were attached to different plantations with the result that some never saw their family members again. The responsibility of bringing up the children rested primarily with the mothers and grandmothers. This situation gave rise to a matriarchal type of family which is still common in the Caribbean today. Formerly slaves had little or no knowledgeRead MoreNeophyte Essay11176 Words   |  45 Pages After WWII, California biker gangs produced methamphetamine or ‘speed’ in the 60’s and 70’s —smuggling it in the â€Å"crank† case of motorcycles (one of the many slang terms for methamphetamine is â€Å"crank†) (Huff, 2005). Today, crystal meth has become the most widespread and popular form of the drug, largely because it is so easy to make that anyone can set up a lab (instructions are widespread on the World Wide Web), but also because motorcycle gangs, which are becoming dominant in organizedRead MoreShort Stories Review Essay6945 Words   |  28 PagesThe Destructors Protagonist: Trevor. Round, dynamic character. He has many parts to his personality, and the reader sees his thoughts and feelings as he tries to complete his plan to destroy the house. he changes in the story from a timid new member of the gang, to a motivated, driven leader. Antagonists: Blackie Flat: we see his actions, but not this thoughts and feelings. Mr. Thomas/Old Misery Flat, but we do see some of his qualities of kindness. Little Cloud Protagonist: Little Chandler RoundRead MoreSocial Networking Sites-Boon/Bane15517 Words   |  63 Pagesshe added. She says this means users can easily make inferences and misrepresentations. Social networking sites have become caste wide Social networking sites have become a fertile ground for groups based on ethnicity and caste. When 3,000 members of an online community of scheduled castes were asked recently whether they felt they could match up to their upper-caste counterparts, one user admitted that his caste identity had been a hurdle in life. Another user promptly replied with a prescription:Read MoreCase Studies13817 Words   |  56 Pagesanother? CASE STUDY #3 Easy on the Wallet or Easy on the Earth: A Case About Ethics in Sourcing By Meghan Skarzynski Fashionforward! is an online auction site where those who have more style than money can bid on designer apparel. The site registers members for $30, who are then allowed to bid on exceptional deals. In an effort to stand out from the crowded field of online bargain sites, Fashionforward! reached out to the local community in search of help marketing their company to college students.Read MorePopular Culture and Violent Behavior Essay11795 Words   |  48 PagesPopular Culture and Violent Behavior Introduction In 1871 E.B. Taylor defined culture as that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and many other capabilities and habits acquired by...[members] of society.[1] Taylor was talking about high culture, an aristocratic view of the past-times such as ballet, theatre and art. Popular culture, on the other hand, is a form of low culture and is based primarily on marketingRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 Pagespeople it protects. ï  ½ PENALTY- it is the suffering that is inflicted by the state for the transgression of law. ï  ½ PUNISHMENT- an instrument of public justice. a. It is inflicted by the group in its corporate capacity upon one who is regarded as a member of the same group. b. Punishment involves pain or suffering produced by designed and justified by some value that the suffering is assumed to have. ï  ½ THEORIES OF JUSTIFICATION OF PENALTIES: 1. Prevention. The state must punish the criminal to prevent

The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about The Intellectual History Of Culture And Development. Answer: Introduction: Development of heritage tourism has emerged as tool to bring about economic develop of historically important places. The paper would delve into one such place called Gayndah in Australia which would be developed by a non-profit organisation called Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. Organization: Organisation detail: The legal name of the organisation is Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. It is registered trading under Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation by nature is a non-profit organisation. The organisation provides various types of tourist entertainment and accommodation facilities in Gayndah (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The structure of the organisation is a private and non-profit making organisation. Business premises: The business premises of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation are located in Gayndah in Queensland, Australia. The various tourist attractions like Burnett River Rail Trail also pass through surrounding areas like Munduhberra. Organisational chart: The organisation chart of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation is as follows: Upper level management President: Takes the decisions Vice president: Assists the president in taking decisions. Middle level management: Secretary: Assists the president and the vice president Treasurer: Look after the financial aspects like pricing of the tourist packages Lower level management: Committee members: Executes the strategies of upper and lower level management. Product and services: The products and services of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation consist of tourist packages to enjoy the heritage of Gayndah. They consists of attractions like Gayndah Orange Festival and Historical Railway Bridges. The body also sells merchandize to tourists as tokens of remembrances (Gregori, Daniele Altinay, 2014). Future: Vision statement: The vision statement of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation (GHRRTI) is to promote the heritage of Gayndah. The body seeks to preserve the heritage of the place by the revenue that it would generate from tourist services. Mission statement: The mission statement of GHRRTI is to serve tourists by offering their services like railway trips in the town of Gayndah. The body would use the revenue generated to develop the town as a heritage tourist spot and bring about growth of its tourism industry (Kir?ov Pavl?eka, 2015). Strategies priorities: The priorities of the organisation are to bring about economic development of Gyandah and preserve its historical heritage. The Australian town experiences limited economic development and hence, developing it as a tourist spot would boost its economic development (Cuong, Dart Hockings, 2017). The long-term business strategies of GHRRTI are to develop Gayndah as one of the most sought tourist spots in Australia. The strategy of the body was to serve tourists and generate revenue to tourism industry of the town economically sustainable (Brilha, 2016). Goals/Objectives and Key Results areas: Goals: Develop the tourism of Gayndah Promote the heritage railway of the town. Generate revenue from tourism to make the town economically sustainable. Key Results areas: Revenue generation. Increase in the number of tourists visiting Gayndah per year. The Market: Market Research: The statistical research would be performed to analyse the market by studying the number of tourists visiting Gayndah prior to and after development of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation. The local government would also be consulted to gain important statistical information like tourist visits (Arizpe, 2015). Mission targets: The sales targets would be selling a minimum of five tourist packages a day. The sales target would also consist of selling merchandise for additional revenue. The implementation schedule would consist of promoting the priority tourist packages of Gayndah and discount offers during suitable seasons to attract tourists and then contact tourists to sell tourist packages according to their preferences. Then these tourists would be sent the itinerary of visits along with the rates. The managers would then book the hotels after getting advancement payment and written confirmation from the tourists regarding their visits (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Environmental analysis: PESTLE analysis: Political: Stable economy of Australia. Government support to tourism industry Economic: Huge disposable income encourages people of Australia to visit heritage tourist spots. Financial support from financial institutions. Social: Growing concern in the Australian society promotes heritage spots. Technological: Australia is technologically developed. Social networking sites enable online promotion of tourist places. Legal: Australian law is very strict. Environment: The tourism business units like hotels should recycle wastes to minimise environmental pollution. SWOT: Strengths: Strong support from government. The heritage attribute would attract tourists. Weakness: Dependent on government and corporate sector for initial financial support. Opportunities: The body can spread its business to other towns and cities. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation can team up with banks for the booking process. Threats: Preservation of heritage sites is expensive. Pollution during historical site renovation work may attract criticism from residents and government actions. Customers: The target customers would be upper and middle class people with sufficient disposable income to afford expensive heritage tours. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would establish good relationship with customers by providing high quality services. The body would continuously keep in touch with customers and inform them on latest attractions. This would help the body attract customers and make them return to Gayndah (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Your competitors: The three competitors of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail are Destination Gold Coast, Tourism Leisure Corporation and Department of Tourism, Government of Australia which also offers heritage tourism packages (Benur Bramwell, 2015). Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation would offer affordable tourism products and services to visitors of Gayndah which would allow it to attract more tourists compared to its competitors (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Advertising and Promotion: Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should advertise its tourist packages on the televisions, newspapers and travel magazines. It can also promote its services in trade fairs and seminars (So et al., 2016). Legislation, regulations and codes of practice: The body comes under the legislations, regulations and codes of practices laid down by Queensland Associations Incorporation Act 1981 Section 15 and governing bodies like Department of Tourism, Government of Australia (gayndahrailtrail.com, 2018). The finances: Sources of funds: Government aid, revenue from tourists and financial institutions. Other activities: Approach corporate bodies for financial support. Cost-benefit analysis: Category Details Costs in First Year Fixed cost Taxes, rent of office AUD 20000 Variable costs Electricity, stationary and salary of staffs AUD 100000 Other miscellaneous expenses CSR expenses AUD 50000 Total AUD 170000 Benefit Benefits within the first 12 months (in $) Generation of revenue AUD 1000000 Generation of employment AUD 100000 Economic development of town AUD 1000000 Total AUD 1100000 The above cost/benefit analysis justifies that it requires no further change in the initial phase. The management would incorporate the changes as and when necessary according to business needs. Implementation, Review and Monitoring: Review of plan: The plan would be reviewed once a year. Monitoring of implementation of plan and identification of business opportunities: The increase in profit generated would show success of implementation of plan and identification of future business opportunities. Reporting of financial and non-financial performance to stakeholders: The management would report the outcomes of financial and non-financial business plan to stakeholders on semi annually and yearly basis. Risk management: RISKS LIKELIHOOD CONSEQUENCE TREATMENT 1. Fire High Severe Arranging of fire extinguishing systems in all hotels and destinations 2. Natural calamity Low Very severe Timely reporting to local government rescue teams 3. Thefts High Financial loss CCTV cameras and stringent security checks 4. Vandalism low Financial ,loss, loss of artefacts Police protection 5. Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on High Inconvenience to injured and other tourists Medical aid, hospitals Likelihood CONSEQUENCE Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic Almost Certain Accidents due to tripping, falling and so on Likely Moderate Thefts Fire Unlikely Rare Vandalism Natural calamity Strategic planning: The heritage tourism business of Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation identifies its current operations and business stands. It can be analysed and identified that the body needs to acquire funds from government in the initial stage and huge revenue as it expands its business. The business must achieve growth, expansion and maximisation of revenue generation. The accountable persons are the president who makes the strategic decisions, the vice-president who helps the president and the members who execute the strategies (So et al., 2016). The scheduled planned indicators would be increase in revenue generation and expansion of business achieved within the set timeframe of a year. Strategic planning methodologies: The strategic planning methodology would consist of formation of strategic based on the information gained from PEST and SWOT. The apex management should take into factors like political, situations and strengths like financial strengths while making strategies (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Sources of information: Internal source of information: Employees External source of information: Customers Techniques of developing organisational values: Training. Motivation Risk management strategies: Risk management strategies are important to intellectual property rights because the companies hold the IPRs of the products they manufacture. Thus, losing of IPR would also mean losing the products and causing business losses (Eid El-Gohary, 2015). Business performance of key result indicators: Community awareness or branding-High Governance- Very high Quality-High Sales-High Workforce-High Triple bottom line (economic, environmental, socio-cultural)-Very high Profit and Loss- Medium Cooperative ventures with other firms: Companies must conduct their own SWOT analysis to know their strengths and weaknesses (Kavoura Stavrianea, 2014). Key Stakeholders: Governments, customers, investors and employees Three benefits of external consultation: Professional expertise. High grade knowledge about market conditions. Information about strategies of other firms. Availability of labour: During implementation: By recruiting appropriate human resources. Training. Motivating Continuous training: Technical training Soft skill development training. Strengths and weaknesses of a business plan Strengths: Gives knowledge about resources including financial resources. Gives idea about business strategies. Weaknesses: Based on estimation and cannot be used to form strong strategies. Hardly gives any idea about future market changes (So et al., 2016). Conclusion: The discussion clearly shows that heritage tourism can help in generating revenue to bring about economic development of heritage places. Gayndah Heritage Railway Rail Trail Incorporation should receive financial support from government and body corporates. References: Arizpe, L. (2015). The intellectual history of culture and development institutions. InCulture, Diversity and Heritage: Major Studies(pp. 58-81). Springer International Publishing. Benur, A. M., Bramwell, B. (2015). Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations.Tourism Management,50, 213-224. Brilha, J. (2016). Inventory and quantitative assessment of geosites and geodiversity sites: a review.Geoheritage,8(2), 119-134. Cuong, C. V., Dart, P., Hockings, M. (2017). Using Enhancing our heritage toolkit for assessing management effectiveness of the Kien Giang Biosphere Reserve. Eid, R., El-Gohary, H. (2015). Muslim tourist perceived value in the hospitality and tourism industry.Journal of Travel Research,54(6), 774-787. Gregori, N., Daniele, R., Altinay, L. (2014). Affiliate marketing in tourism: Determinants of consumer trust.Journal of Travel Research,53(2), 196-210. Kavoura, A., Stavrianea, A. (2014). Economic and social aspects from social media's implementation as a strategic innovative marketing tool in the tourism industry.Procedia Economics and Finance,14, 303-312. Kir?ov, A., Pavl?eka, A. (2015). Development of social media strategies in tourism destination.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,175, 358-366. Our Vision | Gayndah Heritage Railway. (2018).Gayndahrailtrail.com. Retrieved 26 January 2018, from https://gayndahrailtrail.com/about-us/our-vision/ So, K. K. F., King, C., Sparks, B. A., Wang, Y. (2016). The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands.Journal of Travel Research,55(1), 64-78.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Communication Plan free essay sample

International Strategic Management amp; HRM, Module 9 Communication Plan Team 2 Skills Communication Plan Module 9 International Strategic Management and HRM Group 2 Authors: Moritz Schelges147192 Loy Nguyen Irina Popkov131482 Gerlof Veltman Michel Ruiz Name Project Supervisor: Mrs. Blokzijl Stenden University of Applied Sciences: International Business and Management Studies Leeuwarden, The Netherlands October, 2012 Contents 1. Background Analysis1 2. Target groups1 3. Communication goals1 4. Message1 5. Strategy amp; Tactics1 5. 1 Channels1 5. 2 Planning1 6. Budget1 1. Background Analysis Syngenta AG (referred to as Syngenta throughout this report) is a company originating from Switzerland, registered as a stock corporation that has issued registered shares to investors, and was formed in the year 2000, when the two companies Novartis and AstraZeneca merged. The main foci of Syngenta are the production and selling of seeds and chemicals to the agricultural sector. Moreover, the company is active in the biotechnological field and genomic research. The markets of this company are very large and diverse, since Syngenta is operating in around 90 countries worldwide. In order to manage those markets better and have a less diverse corporate portfolio, Syngenta has just recently implemented a new strategy. This current strategy consists of the following elements: * corporate level- growth * business level- â€Å"integrate, innovate, outperform†-differentiation, product leadership, product development, and customer intimacy * operational level- centralization Until now, the consultancy team has analyzed the company internally and externally in order to find out what the main problem is with the current strategy and whether it still fits the current developments in the internal and external environments. Using Porter’s Five Forces Framework, the PESTEL analysis, market segmentation, the 7-S analysis and so forth, this is the SWOT analysis that can be drawn up as a result: Strengths * Syngenta’s innovative character * global teams * technical expertise * united production amp; supply * Syngenta Business Services * less staff costs due to centralization * standardized processes * Soybean| Weaknesses * less flexibility due to Syngenta Business Services * centralization * products not properly usable for illiterate farmers| Opportunities * strong agricultural sector- grew by 4. % in 2012 * GM industry is on the rise * a lot of arable land available and not in use yet * most amount of water available in Brazil * low threat of entry, substitutes, amp; suppliers| Threats * criticism from the public about certain pesticides * differing international legal guidelines * competition * certain products are banned in the EU * Berne Declaration * networks against paraquat * high powe r of buyers| Taking the threats and weaknesses into account, the following GAPs become evident: The first GAP results from the centralized way of operating, differing legal guidelines and the competition Syngenta is facing. Currently, Syngenta operates in a very centralized manner. The opinion of local experts is very important and it is crucial to react to changes fast enough. Due to this centralized way of operating, decisions might have to be discussed in the headquarters first and then be reported back to the local experts. That takes time which might not be available in certain situations. In the desired situation, Syngenta is very flexible, able to react to changes in a fast way, be faster than its competitors, and due to more decision-making power in the particular business units, better use of local experts’ knowledge can be made. The second GAP is formed by the fact that illiterate farmers cannot properly use the highly dangerous products and there is a lot of criticism the company is facing from the public and networks like the Berne Declaration. In the current situation, these facts are damaging the reputation and decreasing customer loyalty and sales. In the desired situation, the products are safely applicable for everyone, leading to less criticism from the public, an improved reputation, more customers with a higher loyalty rate, and higher sales. By adding the aspect of product safety to the CSR values and developing a short video or audio tape containing instructions in the farmer’s native language on how to properly use the products, this gap can be overcome quite easily. The third GAP results from the threat that some products of Syngenta are banned in the EU. Currently, certain products of Syngenta have been banned in the EU market due to the high risk when working with these products. Results of this prohibition are losses in sales, a market share loss and again, reputation damages, leading to less customers and disbelief in the practices of Syngenta. The desired situation in this case is having proven that the chemicals are not harmful if used in a the correct way, publicize that there soon will be audio or video instructions to accompany the product, leading to easier and safer usage, an improved reputation and probably the regained bility to sell the products in the EU again. In turn, this will lead to a higher market share, an increase in sales, and customers. After taking the main problems, the SWOT analysis and the GAPs into account, the consultancy team came up with the following new strategy, which will mostly change on business and operational level and ideally, cover all three GAPS mentioned: The figure above visualizes the new strategy on all its levels. The corporate level strategy will stay GROWTH, as it still fits the current trends, which are leaning towards innovation in the technological and agricultural industry. The business level however needs to be changed, in order to overcome the competitors, as well as the critical voices around. The business level strategy should focus on operational excellence as well as one element of the old business level strategy which is product development in order to continue coming up with new and innovative products. This will ensure safer products for both, the farmers and the environment, lead to an improved reputation of Syngenta, and will consequently lead to more market share. Due to the centralization of the company decisions might take longer than they need to be. This can be crucial in some situations. Therefore, on the operational level the effect of the new, decentralized strategy should be a faster, more appropriate, and to the market tailored decisions taken by the experts of that particular market and region. A second effect, which will be created through more transparency and informing the farmers on how to handle the products correctly should be the increase of the human welfare. Through the innovation of new products, that are environmentally friendly, no human being or environment will be affected by any harm. This is something that will also have a positive effect on the critics, which are around the company and will regain a positive reputation and public image of Syngenta. The aspect of product safety will be included in the improved CSR practices of the company in order to further strengthen and improve its image. Product safety could be increased by e. g. including a DVD with audio or visual instructions for illiterate farmers in the developing countries to make sure the product is being used correctly and safely. 2. Target groups Syngenta is a large company active in over 90 countries worldwide, we are focusing on the Latin-American market more specific Brazil. Brazil is already one of the 90 countries Syngenta is active in and economically speaking, Brazil forms a very attractive agricultural market. The agricultural sector grew by 4. 9% in the second quarter of 2012 in contrast to a 2. 5% decline in industrial output (Biller, 2012), showing that there is a lot of confidence in the agricultural sector of Brazil and providing Syngenta with another opportunity. Furthermore Brazil is the country with the most amount of land available (over 400 hectares m) which can be used for agricultural purposes, but not only this. It is also one of the countries where only a small portion of that arable land is being used (see graph 1 below), leading to the conclusion that there is much more potential in that country and making it very attractive to Syngenta. However concerning the strategy change, The customers and other external stakeholders are not the ones whom are initially influenced. The strategy change is internal, that means the line managers and employees are most affected by the strategy change. The consultancy company came up with the new strategy in relation with the board of directors. The board of directors only has to approve the new strategy, they are not concerned with the execution of the new strategy. The middle management has to transfer the message of the board of directors to the line managers. The middle management is responsible for the monthly monitoring of the progress of the execution of the new strategy. The line managers in return have to convey the new strategy to the employees, which have to execute the new strategy. The operational level is accountable for the daily progress of the integration of the new strategy. Because it concerns an internal change of strategy the external stakeholders like the suppliers, environmental organizations, and customers are initially barely influenced by the changes. Therefore they are not the target group, in the first place. When the strategy is entirely implemented, the external stakeholders will benefit from the new strategy. . Communication goals As shown in the GAP- analysis mentioned in the first part of this report, We have came up with three gaps. The first one in the product safety, the second one is the improvement of the reputation and the third and most important one is the decentralization. The first gap is concerning product safety, in the past there has been a lot of criticism on Syngenta. Certain products are already banned in Euro pe, a lot of accidents happened with Syngenta products due to insufficient instructions. By improving the product safety with instructional videos, and special workshops on how to use the Syngenta products, Syngenta is aiming to reduce the accidents related to Syngenta products by 20 percent before the year 2015. Besides the reduction of the accidents, they also want to flourish on the European market which is the second gap. Therefore the ban should be removed, the goal of Syngenta is the operate fully on the European market before 2014. So every Product of Syngenta is allowed to be sold and used in all European countries. The final and most important gap is the decentralization. The opinion of local experts is very important and it is crucial to react to changes fast enough. Due to this centralized way of operating, decisions have to be discussed in the headquarters first and then be reported back to the local experts. That takes time which might not be available in certain situations. Therefore, it might be important and advantageous, to move to a less centralized strategy on the operational level and way of operating in order to be faster than competitors. Syngenta wants to become more decentralized before 2013 by giving the local experts more room to make their own decision. At the end of the year 2013 Syngenta will take a questionnaire amongst the local employees to see how they have experienced the decentralization, and what could have gone better. 4. Message The purpose of our business is to bring plant potential to life, using world-class science and our deep understanding of plants to help our customers feed a growing population (Syngenta AG, 2012). † Also, â€Å"our ambition is to help growers deliver greater food security to an increasingly crowded world in an environmentally sustainable way. That calls for a step change in productivity and resource efficiency – on both the world’s 5 million large farms and its 450 million smallholdings. Every farmer has a part to play (Syngenta AG, 2012, p. 11). † This combined mission statement shows that Syngenta’s customers are growers, whom they want to support by selling them a safe product which was developed with the use of â€Å"world-class science† and the company’s explicit knowledge of plants. Additionally, Syngenta’s products are supposed to help farmers feed a growing population in a sustainable way. The message Syngenta wants its employees to remember is similar to the mission statement, because eventually that is the core of the company. 5. Strategy amp; Tactics The initiative to investigate the current strategy and improve it, came from the consultancy team and neither the organization, nor the company itself. But as mentioned before, only about a year ago did the company implement a new strategy. Therefore, it can be assumed that the company is more than aware of the fact that a strategy needs to be improved from time to time in order to be able to continue growing and stay on a highly competitive level. The formal information about the changes that come with the new strategy will be spread in direct ways via several information meetings organized for the target groups that are affected by the change. This will be a short and powerful champagne on a formal basis, where the message is more important than the relation. Emotional information, giving inside on the company’s passion for what can be achieved for farmers and growers will be spread indirectly, meaning during events that will take place several times on different topics and can be attended on a voluntary basis. Here, the message and the relation are important in order to be able to motivate employees to represent Syngenta’s strategy but also understand the importance of them as the workforce to reach operational excellence as a company. Due to the fact that these are going to be a series of different events, they will be targeted at the whole target group and more than one type of media is necessary to be used. Two main goals will be in the center of the new strategy: reaching operational excellence and becoming less centralized, thus, empowering certain business units and its employees. Further aspects of tactics, such as the different channels and media used and the detailed planning are provided in chapters 5. 1 and 5. 2. 5. 1 Channels There will be different types of channels used in order to successfully imply the importance of understanding the new strategy, to positively motivate the employees, and bring the new strategy of the company across. The media types that will be used are: * Audio visual (power point presentations, and video presentations) * Mass media (leaflets, fliers, and handbooks) interpersonal media (e-mails) * Events * Networks and electronic media The presentations will be done in big groups, it will be held as an informational conference and a way of giving some extra training in the area of improvement of the strategy in order to successfully implement the strategy. The presentations will be held in interesting ways, with e. g. video material and not only speeches in order to not bore the employees, because it is crucial for the success of t he new company that the new strategy is properly understood. The tool of mass media will be a helping tool to better inform about the plans and ideas of the strategy. Also, this is for information which is simple and self-explanatory, in order not to have to hold conferences every time for little changes. The printed information is also handy for when the information is forgotten or to refresh the mind on what it is all about. The advantage of using mass media to spread information which can be easily understood is that a big group of people can be informed while spending little money on it. In Syngenta’s case, the leaflets etc. will be spread on the operational level to staff which is e. g. in the production process due to the fact that they also need to be informed about changes in the strategy and goals of the company. Interpersonal media such as emails will be used to inform the middle management about e. g. conferences, events, meetings and personal updates. Events will take place in order to increase the loyalty of the staff, motivate the staff and help them understand what Syngenta’s passion and goals are. These events will take place several times in order to increase the bond amongst the staff members and also to repeat the mission and objectives of the company to keep it present in the minds of the employees. Networks and electronic media will also be used for short and easily understandable information and updates. For this, the company’s e. g. Facebook and Twitter accounts will be used in order to reach internal and external stakeholders. Electronic media such as the internal database of the company will be used to publish this information for employees only. . 2 Planning In order to distribute the information and knowledge of the improved strategy, a planning of how it will be organized has to be made. First of all, the conferences have to be prepared and knowledge of these conferences has to be provided to the target groups. An invitation will be send out by the company to targeted groups right after the new strategy has been accepted by the board of directors of Syngenta , inviting employees to join the event. To make the events more attractive together with printed information, some samples will be handed out to the people that attend. Also, to make those events more active there will be demonstrations on how to correctly use the products and also what actions to take in case of an emergency with the chemicals. For these events, all the printed information has to be printed, samples have to be packaged and information packages for the attendees have to be prepared. The preparations of the demonstrations have to be done in order for the demonstrations to go smoothly. Employees have to be prepared for the different tasks that have to be done for the events and therefore, informed via networks or emails. Emails to the middle management have to be sent out right away as well, so that they know about how to instruct those employees organizing the events and conferences. They are also the ones who need to be informed first about the content of the flyers and other printed media so they can instruct the responsible employees in order to start preparing those leaflets and so on. All these processes need to be picked up right after the strategy was accepted and the need to run simultaneously in order to have the information present in all channels and basically, surround the employees continuously. Planning and preparations of the events are necessary in order for them to run smoothly and with an attendance of the invited target groups it will be successful. 6. Budget How they communicated their new strategy to their employees in 2011: â€Å"Bringing the strategy to life. In 2011, we enabled our employees to learn more about the new strategy while deepening their understanding of the grower’s world. One example of this is the crop demonstration day events where leaders from each of our crop teams share with employees their knowledge, insights and personal passion for what Syngenta can achieve with growers. More than 1,700 employees have attended demonstration day events since July 2011. Through 2012, demonstration day events will be held in each territory. Employees are also encouraged to complete an interactive e-learning agronomy program, which covers the challenges and decisions growers face before, on and after the farm. † page 35 of the annual report 2011 =not a one time thing used several events to raise awareness etc.